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Ferdinand VII
Portrait by Vicente López Portaña, c. 1814–15
King of Spain
(more...)
1st reign
19 March 1808 – 6 May 1808
Predecessor
Charles IV
Successor
Joseph I or Napoleon I
Prime ministers
See list
Víctor Damián Sáez (1823–1823)
The Marquess of Casa Irujo (1823–1823)
The Count of Ofalia (1823-1824)
Francisco Cea Bermúdez (1824-1825)
The Duke of the Infantado (1825-1826)
Manuel González Salmón (1826-1832)
The Count of la Alcudia (1833-1833)
2nd reign
11 December 1813 – 29 September 1833
Predecessor
Joseph I
Successor
Isabella II
Born
14 October 1784 El Escorial, Spain
Died
29 September 1833(1833-09-29) (aged 48) Madrid, Spain
Burial
El Escorial
Spouses
Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily
(m. 1802; died 1806)
Maria Isabel of Portugal
(m. 1816; died 1818)
Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony
(m. 1819; died 1829)
Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
(m. 1829)
Issue more...
Isabella II of Spain Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier
Names
Spanish: Fernando Francisco de Paula Domingo Vincente Ferrer Antonio José Joaquín Pascual Diego Juan Nepomuceno Januario Francisco Javier Rafael Miguel Gabriel Calisto Cayetano Fausto Luis Raimundo Gregorio Lorenzo Jerónimo de Borbón y Borbón-Parma
House
Bourbon
Father
Charles IV of Spain
Mother
Maria Luisa of Parma
Religion
Roman Catholicism
Signature
Ferdinand VII (Spanish: Fernando VII; 14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833) was King of Spain during the early 19th century. He reigned briefly in 1808 and then again from 1813 to his death in 1833. Before 1813 he was known as el Deseado (the Desired), and after, as el Rey Felón (the Felon/Criminal King).
Born in Madrid at El Escorial, Ferdinand was heir apparent to the Spanish throne in his youth. Following the 1808 Tumult of Aranjuez, he ascended the throne. That year Napoleon overthrew him; he linked his monarchy to counter-revolution and reactionary policies that produced a deep rift in Spain between his forces on the right and liberals on the left. Back in power in December 1813, he re-established the absolutist monarchy and rejected the liberal constitution of 1812. A revolt in 1820 led by Rafael del Riego forced him to restore the constitution, starting the Liberal Triennium, a three-year period of liberal rule. In 1823 the Congress of Verona authorized a successful French intervention, restoring him to absolute power for the second time. He suppressed the liberal press from 1814 to 1833, jailing many of its editors and writers.
Under his rule, Spain lost nearly all of its American possessions, and the country entered into a large-scale civil war upon his death. His political legacy has remained contested since his death; some historians regard him as incompetent, despotic, and short-sighted.[1][2]
^Royal Splendor in the Enlightenment: Charles IV of Spain, Patron and Collector. Meadows Museum, SMU. 2010. ISBN 9788471204394.
^Sevilla, Fred (1997). Francisco Balagtas and the Roots of Filipino Nationalism: Life and Times of the Great Filipino Poet and His Legacy of Literary Excellence and Political Activism. Trademark Publishing Corporation. ISBN 9789719185802.
FerdinandVII (Spanish: Fernando VII; 14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833) was King of Spain during the early 19th century. He reigned briefly in 1808...
Napoleonic government was opposed by various regions remaining loyal to FerdinandVII of the old Bourbon kingdom, which formed a series of Juntas allied with...
Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony, the third wife of King FerdinandVII of Spain, died. FerdinandVII, old and ill, had not sired a male heir, sparking a succession...
Spanish Americans, nor was it necessarily inevitable. At the end of 1810, FerdinandVII of Spain, captive, was recognized by the Cortes of Cádiz and by the...
Fellows of Harvard College: 12–16. doi:10.2307/3111072. JSTOR 3111072. FerdinandVII Holey Dollars History of the Real de a Ocho Hispan collections (archived...
absolutist "reformist" government that supposedly had "kidnapped" King FerdinandVII. The insurrectionists, mostly peasants and artisans, mobilized between...
Década Ominosa) is a term for the last ten years of the reign of King FerdinandVII of Spain, dating from the abolition of the Spanish Constitution of 1812...
The Spanish Pragmatic Sanction of 1830, issued March 29, 1830 by King FerdinandVII of Spain, ratified a Decree of 1789 by Charles IV of Spain, which had...
the history of unified Spain. Isabella was the elder daughter of King FerdinandVII and Queen Maria Christina. Shortly before Isabella's birth, her father...
Manuel de Godoy. Summoned to Bayonne by Napoleon Bonaparte, who forced FerdinandVII to abdicate, Charles IV also abdicated, paving the way for Napoleon...
of Charles IV of Spain and Maria Luisa of Parma. He was a brother of FerdinandVII, as well as the uncle and father-in-law of Isabella II. His education...
Continental System, and Napoleon invaded Spain in 1808 and deposed FerdinandVII, who had been on the throne only forty-eight days after his father's...
region–specific law arrangements and customs kept for centuries. When King FerdinandVII of Spain died in 1833, his widow, Queen Maria Cristina, became regent...
the lieutenant-colonel Rafael de Riego against the absolutist rule of FerdinandVII. It ended in 1823 when, with the approval of the crowned heads of Europe...
which had been its ally. Napoleon Bonaparte forced the abdications of FerdinandVII and his father Charles IV and then installed his brother Joseph Bonaparte...
The Plaza FerdinandVII is an outdoor garden and park in the Historic Pensacola Village area of downtown Pensacola, Florida. It is located on Palafox...
I, imposed by his brother Napoleon I of France after Charles IV and FerdinandVII had abdicated. The title used by Joseph I was King of the Spains and...
events in Spain. When Spanish liberals overthrew the autocratic rule of FerdinandVII in 1820, conservatives in New Spain saw political independence as a...
Isabella II is born to FerdinandVII. After several court intrigues, the Pragmatic Sanction was definitively approved in 1832. Ferdinand's brother, the Infante...
(1452–1516) the Catholic – see Ferdinand II of Aragon Ferdinand VI of Spain (1713–1759) the Learned, King of Spain in 1746 FerdinandVII of Spain (1784–1833),...
Austerlitz, Ferdinand was subject to Napoleon's wrath. On 27 December 1805, Napoleon issued a proclamation from the Schönbrunn declaring Ferdinand to have...
was a direct reaction to Napoleon's invasion of Spain. In 1808, King FerdinandVII of Spain abdicated in favor of Napoleon, who granted the throne to his...
by the last vestiges of the Ancien Régime, embodied in the person of FerdinandVII since, after the French Revolution, there was a conservative reaction...
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