"Tübingen School" redirects here. For the influential group of modern Plato scholars, see Plato's unwritten doctrines.
Ferdinand Christian Baur
Dr. F. C. von Baur (Steel engraving by Christoph Friedrich Dörr, 1830s)
Born
(1792-06-21)21 June 1792
Schmiden, Duchy of Württemberg
Died
2 December 1860(1860-12-02) (aged 68)
Tübingen, Kingdom of Württemberg
Nationality
German
Academic background
Alma mater
University of Tübingen
Academic work
Discipline
Theology New Testament
School or tradition
Tübingen School
Ferdinand Christian Baur (21 June 1792 – 2 December 1860) was a German Protestant theologian and founder and leader of the (new) Tübingen School of theology (named for the University of Tübingen where Baur studied and taught). Following Hegel's theory of dialectic, Baur argued that second century Christianity represented the synthesis of two opposing theses: Jewish Christianity (Petrine Christianity) and Gentile Christianity (Pauline Christianity). This and the rest of Baur's work had a profound impact upon higher criticism of biblical and related texts.
Adolf Hilgenfeld followed Baur's lead and edited the Tübingen School's journal, though he was less radical than Baur.[1] A patristic scholar and philosopher at Tübingen, Albert Schwegler, gave the School's theories their most vigorous expression.[2] The School's influence peaked in the 1840s, but was waning by the early twentieth century.[3]
Baur's views were radical, but "one thing is certain: New Testament study, since his time, has had a different colour" (H.S. Nash). He had a number of followers, who in many cases modified his positions, and the groundwork laid by Baur continues to be built upon in the twenty-first century.
^"Hilgenfeld, Adolf" and "Tübingen School." Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005
^"Schwegler, Albert" and "Tübingen School." Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005
^"Tübingen School." Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005
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