^Raids that were carried out in 1866 took place in the Province of Canada and the colony of New Brunswick; prior to Confederation in 1867.
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Fenian Raids
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The Fenian raids were a series of incursions carried out by the Fenian Brotherhood, an Irish republican organization based in the United States, on military fortifications, customs posts and other targets in Canada (then part of British North America) in 1866, and again from 1870 to 1871. A number of separate incursions by the Fenian Brotherhood into Canada were undertaken to bring pressure on the British government to withdraw from Ireland, although none of these raids achieved their aims.
In Canada, the incursions divided its burgeoning Irish-Canadian population, many of whom were torn between loyalty to their new home and sympathy for the aims of the Fenians. Protestant Irish immigrants were generally loyal to the British and fought with the pro-Union Orange Order against the Fenians.
While authorities in the United States arrested the men and confiscated the arms of the Fenian Brotherhood, there was speculation that some in the U.S. government ignored the preparations undertaken by the Fenians due to anger over British assistance to the Confederacy during the American Civil War.[a] The Fenian raids were one of the factors that led to Canadian Confederation, as the provinces united to face the threat of invasions.
^Senior p. 191
^ abcdefgh"Fenian Raids". britannica.com.
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The Fenianraids were a series of incursions carried out by the Fenian Brotherhood, an Irish republican organization based in the United States, on military...
Missisquoi County), with the raids continuing after these colonies had been confederated. The ultimate goal of the Fenianraids was to hold Canada hostage...
The Fenian Brotherhood (Irish: Bráithreachas na bhFíníní) was an Irish republican organisation founded in the United States in 1858 by John O'Mahony and...
The Fenian Rising of 1867 (Irish: Éirí Amach na bhFíníní, 1867, IPA: [ˈeːɾʲiː əˈmˠax n̪ˠə ˈvʲiːnʲiːnʲiː]) was a rebellion against British rule in Ireland...
irregular army of Irish-American invaders, the Fenians. It was the largest engagement of the FenianRaids, the first modern industrial-era battle to be...
The Fenian dynamite campaign (or Fenian bombing campaign) was a bombing campaign orchestrated by Irish republicans against the British Empire, between...
formerly constituted the Province of Upper Canada. There was a danger of Fenianraids along the Canada–United States border south and east of Montreal. The...
area. The Fenians, Irish-American veterans of the American Civil War demanding independence from Britain for Ireland, mounted several raids on Upper Canada...
Last Invasion of Canada: The FenianRaids, 1866-1870. Dundurn. pp. 70–98. ISBN 9781550020854. Charles Perry Stacey, "Fenianism and the Rise of National Feeling...
Eccles Hill (/ˈɛkəlz/) was part of a raid into Canadian territory from the United States led by John O'Neill of the Fenian Brotherhood, intended to pressure...
the Niagara River. Militia units skirmished with the Fenians sporadically until 1871. The raids ended after unsuccessful attacks during the Battle of...
The Royal 22nd Regiment (R22R; French: Royal 22e Régiment) is an infantry regiment of the Canadian Army. Known colloquially in English as the Van Doos...
Infantry alongside the Dundas companies during the FenianRaids in 1866. In 1899, veterans of the FenianRaids were awarded the Canada General Service Medal...
Retrieved 30 April 2019 – via Newspapers.com. "Legionnaire Veteran Of FenianRaids". The Edmonton Journal. 11 July 1949. p. 2. Retrieved 30 April 2019 –...
1862, the regiment would see a history of service stretching from the FenianRaids of the 1860s-70s right into the middle of the 20th Century. In 1965,...
11, 2021). "FenianRaids". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Historica Canada. Retrieved February 28, 2023. Brian Jenkins (2008). The Fenian problem: insurgency...
Fenian Ram is a submarine designed by John Philip Holland for use by the Fenian Brotherhood, the American counterpart to the Irish Republican Brotherhood...
initially the Fenian Brotherhood, but from the 1870s it was Clan na Gael. The members of both wings of the movement are often referred to as "Fenians". The IRB...
the American Civil War Sharps rifle Volcanic rifle "Guns of the First FenianRaid: The Irish Invasion of Canada". Esposito, Gabriele, The Paraguayan War...
Quebec (1775), an American invasion during the American Revolutionary War Fenianraids (1866–1871), incursions carried out by an Irish republican organization...
confederation, which occurred 1 July 1867, a year after the initial raid. Opposed to the Fenianraids into Canada, although not unsympathetic to their cause of...
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Fenian Brotherhood