Female toplessness in the United States information
Topless woman at World Naked Bike Ride San FranciscoFemale toplessness laws in the United States by state and territory
In the United States, individual states have primary jurisdiction in matters of public morality. The topfreedom movement has claimed success in a few instances in persuading some state and federal courts to overturn some state laws on the basis of sex discrimination or equal protection, arguing that a woman should be free to expose her chest (i.e., be topless) in any context in which a man can expose his. Other successful cases have been on the basis of freedom of expression in protest, or simply that exposure of breasts is not indecent (or similar terminology).
Laws and ordinances barring female toplessness are being challenged in federal courts around the nation. Each lawsuit, if it prevails at the appellate level, will legalize topfreedom in the following U.S. circuits of appeal (from west to east): 9 (California), 8 (Missouri) and 4 (Maryland). A federal lawsuit in the 7th Circuit (Illinois), was lost at the appellate level and the petition for review by the U.S. Supreme Court was denied. A preliminary injunction in a federal lawsuit in the 10th Circuit (Colorado), was won at the appellate level. In September 2019, after spending over $300,000, Fort Collins decided to stop defending their ordinance and repeal it. That effectively gave females of all ages the right to go topless wherever males can in the jurisdiction of the 10th Circuit (Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, Kansas and Oklahoma states as well as all counties and cities therein).[1]
^Williams, Peter (September 20, 2019). "Topless women win big as Colorado city drops ban". NBC News. Archived from the original on 2019-09-20. Retrieved 2019-09-20.
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non-pixelated toplessness from both of its female stars, Season Hubley and Lina Raymond. The Public Broadcasting Service, which features nudity in anthropological...
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might be nude in mixed-gender settings, including the presence of female staff, public competitions, and open houses for families. The primary reason...
and contextual factors (i.e., toplessnessin streets, parks, or beaches). In some periods of European history, female shoulders and legs may have been...
pornography, which may include similar photographs of children. In some countries, non-sexual toplessness or nudity is legal. However, private or public establishments...
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