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Federation of Nigeria
1954–1963
Flag (1960–1963)
Coat of arms (1960–1963)
Motto: "Unity and Faith"
Anthem:God Save the Queen (until 1960) Nigeria, We Hail Thee (from 1960)
Status
British protectorate (1954–1960) Sovereign state (1960–1963)
Capital
Lagos
Government
Federation as British protectorate (1954–1960) Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy (1960–1963)
Monarch
• 1954–1960
Elizabeth II (as Queen of the United Kingdom)
• 1960–1963
Elizabeth II (as Queen of Nigeria)
Governor-General
• 1954–1955
John Stuart Macpherson
• 1955–1960
James Wilson Robertson
• 1960–1963
Nnamdi Azikiwe
Prime Minister
• 1960–1963
Abubakar Tafawa Balewa
Legislature
Parliament[1]
• Upper house
Senate
• Lower house
House of Representatives
Historical era
Cold War
• Established
1954
• Independence
1 October 1960
• Republican constitution
1 October 1963
Currency
Nigerian pound
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria
First Nigerian Republic
Nigerian 1-shilling coin, 1959
The Federation of Nigeria was a predecessor to modern-day Nigeria from 1954 to 1963. It was a British protectorate until its independence on 1 October 1960.
British rule of Colonial Nigeria ended in 1960, when the Nigeria Independence Act 1960[2] made the federation an independent sovereign state. Elizabeth II remained head of state as the Queen of Nigeria, as well as other dominions and commonwealth realms. Her constitutional roles in Nigeria were exercisable by the Governor-General of Nigeria. Three people held the office of governor-general during the whole existence of the Federation of Nigeria:
Sir John Stuart Macpherson 1954 – 15 June 1955
Sir James Wilson Robertson 15 June 1955 – 16 November 1960
Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe 16 November 1960 – 1 October 1963
Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa held office as prime minister (and head of government).
The Federal Republic of Nigeria came into existence on 1 October 1963.[3] The monarchy was abolished and Nigeria became a republic within the Commonwealth. Following the abolition of the monarchy, former Governor-General Nnamdi Azikiwe became President of Nigeria, as a ceremonial post under the 1963 constitution.
Elizabeth II visited Nigeria in 1956 (28 January–16 February).
^"The Constitution of the Federation of Nigeria (1960)" (PDF). Worldstatemen.org. Retrieved 2017-01-26.
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