Global InformationEuchlorine information
| Euchlorine, Euclorina, Euchlorin, Euchlorite | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General | |
| Category | Sulfate mineral |
| Formula (repeating unit) | KNaCu3(SO4)3O |
| IMA symbol | Ecr[1] |
| Strunz classification | 7.BC.30 |
| Dana classification | 30.3.1.1 |
| Crystal system | Monoclinic |
| Space group | C2/c |
| Unit cell | a = 18.41(5) Å, b = 9.43(3) Å, c = 14.21(5) Å, β = 113.7(3)°; Z = 8 |
| Identification | |
| Color | Emerald-green, dark green |
| Crystal habit | Single crystals, tabular, incrustation |
| Streak | Pistachio green |
| Density | 3.28 (measured), 3.28 (calculated) |
| Optical properties | Biaxial (+), moderate relief, emerald green color (transmitted light) |
| Refractive index | nα = 1.580, nβ = 1.605, nγ = 1.644 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.064 |
| Pleochroism | X: Pale grass-green, Y: Grass-green, Z: Bright yellow-green |
| 2V angle | Moderately large (measured) |
| Dispersion | r < v |
| Solubility | Partially soluble in water |
| References | [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] |
Euchlorine (KNaCu3(SO4)3O) is a rare emerald-green sulfate mineral found naturally occurring as a sublimate in fumaroles around volcanic eruptions.[3][4][5] It was first discovered in fumaroles of the 1868 eruption at Mount Vesuvius in Campania, Italy by Arcangelo Scacchi.[2][9][10] The name 'euchlorine' comes from the Greek word εΰχλωρος meaning "pale green" in reference to the mineral's color, other reported spellings include euclorina, euchlorin, and euchlorite.[2][9][10]
The ideal formula of euchlorine is KNaCu3(SO4)3O though calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) occasionally substitute into the crystal lattice.[11] Euchlorine is structurally related to puninite (Na2Cu3(SO4)3O) and fedotovite (K2Cu3(SO4)3O), all of which are included in the euchlorine group of minerals.[4][12]
One of the distinguishing physical properties helpful for identifying euchlorine in hand sample is its streak, which is a pistachio-green color.[5][10] If trying to find euchlorine in the field, wear protective clothing as the volcanic fumaroles around which it occurs can be very hot (approximately 300 to 650 °C, 580 to 1200 °F) and can cause severe steam burns if not adequately protected.[13][14]
- ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
- ^ a b c Palache, C.; Berman, H.; Frondel, C. (1951). "The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837–1892, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc." John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged: pp. 571(as Euchlorin with other spellings listed including Euchlorine, Euchlorinite, Euclorina).
- ^ a b Handbook of Mineralogy – Euchlorine Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ a b c Mindat.org – Euchlorine.
- ^ a b c Webmineral – Euchlorine.
- ^ Scordari, F. and Stasi, F. (1990). "The crystal structure of euchlorine, NaKCu3O(SO4)3" Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 161: 241–253.
- ^ Jambor, J.L.; Grew, E.S. (1991). "New mineral names". American Mineralogist, 76(1–2): 299–305.
- ^ Eugenio Scacchi: Sull’ euclorina, sull’ eriocaleo e sul melanotallo. In: Rendiconto dell'Accademia delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche. 23:158–165.
- ^ a b A. Scacchi (1869) (as Euclorina).
- ^ a b c EUROmin Project – Euchlorine.
- ^ Jambor, J.L.; Puziewicz, J. (1990). "New mineral names". American Mineralogist, 75(9–10): 1209–1216.
- ^ Siidra, O.I.; Nazarchuk, E.V.; Zaitsev, A.N.; Lukina, E.A.; Avdontseva, E.Y.; Vergasova, L.P.; Vlasenko, N.S.; Filatov, S.K.; Turner, R.; Karpov, G.A. (2017). "Copper oxosulphates from fumaroles of Tolbachik volcano: puninite, Na2Cu3O(SO4)3 –a new mineral species and structure refinements of kamchatkite and alumoklyuchevskite". European Journal of Mineralogy, 29(3): 499–510.
- ^ Balassone, G.; Petti, C.; Mondillo, N.; Panikorovskii, T.L.; de Gennaro, R.; Cappelletti, P.; Altomare, A.; Corriero, N.; Cangiano, M.; D'Orazio, L. (2019). "Copper Minerals at Vesuvius Volcano (Southern Italy): A Mineralogical Review". Minerals, 9(12): 730.
- ^ Fox News (September 12, 2017). "Italian parents killed in volcanic field trying to rescue their son".