For the academic periodical, see Ethnography (journal).
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Ethnography is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures. Ethnography explores cultural phenomena from the point of view of the subject of the study. Ethnography is also a type of social research that involves examining the behavior of the participants in a given social situation and understanding the group members' own interpretation of such behavior.[1]
As a form of inquiry, ethnography relies heavily on participant observation—on the researcher participating in the setting or with the people being studied, at least in some marginal role, and seeking to document, in detail, patterns of social interaction and the perspectives of participants, and to understand these in their local contexts. It had its origin in social and cultural anthropology in the early twentieth century, but spread to other social science disciplines, notably sociology, during the course of that century.
Ethnographers mainly use qualitative methods, though they may also employ quantitative data. The typical ethnography is a holistic study and so includes a brief history, and an analysis of the terrain, the climate, and the habitat. A wide range of groups and organisations have been studied by this method, including traditional communities, youth gangs, religious cults, and organisations of various kinds. While, traditionally, ethnography has relied on the physical presence of the researcher in a setting, there is research using the label that has relied on interviews or documents, sometimes to investigate events in the past such as the NASA Challenger disaster. There is also a considerable amount of 'virtual' or online ethnography, sometimes labelled netnography or cyber-ethnography.
^Krupat, A. (2023). Ethnocriticism: Ethnography, History, Literature (in Spanish). University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-33443-4. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
Ethnography is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures. Ethnography explores cultural phenomena from the point of view...
Online ethnography (also known as virtual ethnography or digital ethnography) is an online research method that adapts ethnographic methods to the study...
represent culture and society. Ethnographic video, in contrast to ethnographic film, cannot be used independently of other ethnographic methods, but rather as...
The ethnography of communication (EOC), originally called the ethnography of speaking, is the analysis of communication within the wider context of the...
Within the field of anthropology and other social sciences, ethnography is a form of research that relies on a range of sources of data, but usually tends...
Zealand, Venezuela, Mexico and Uruguay and permanently changing the ethnography of Argentina. Immigrants arrived through the port of Buenos Aires and...
An ethnographic film is a non-fiction film, often similar to a documentary film, historically shot by Western filmmakers and dealing with non-Western people...
Visual ethnography is an approach to ethnography (the study of people and cultures) that uses visual methods such as photography, film and video. There...
Clinical ethnography is a term first used by Gilbert Herdt and Robert Stoller in a series of papers in the 1980s. As Herdt defines it, clinical ethnography is...
in the field of ethnography. Ethnography can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research, i.e. an ethnographic monograph. As a...
Ethnographic museums conserve, display and contextualize items relevant to the field of ethnography, the systematic study of people and cultures. Such...
Critical ethnography applies a critical theory based approach to ethnography. It focuses on the implicit values expressed within ethnographic studies and...
the terms "ethnic group" and "nationality". In the context of European ethnography in particular, the terms ethnic group, people, nationality and ethno-linguistic...
Housewives of Japan: An Ethnography of Real Lives and Consumerized Domesticity is a 2012 book by Ofra Goldstein-Gidoni, published by Palgrave Macmillan...
Institutional ethnography (IE) is an alternative approach of studying and understanding the social. IE has been described as an alternative philosophical...
The Ethnography Museum of Ankara is dedicated to the cultures of Turkic civilizations. The building was designed by architect Arif Hikmet Koyunoğlu and...
Salvage ethnography is the recording of the practices and folklore of cultures threatened with extinction, including as a result of modernization and...
Data ethnography is a type of qualitative research where the purpose is to explore the life of data and how they are incorporated into everyday activities...
An ethnographic village is a real or artificial settlement which portrays historical and ethnographic characteristics of life of a certain ethnic group...
Autoethnography is a form of ethnographic research in which a researcher connects personal experiences to wider cultural, political, and social meanings...
Russian Academy of Science's Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Russian: Музей антропологии и этнографии имени Петра Великого Российской...
anthropology that is concerned, in part, with the study and production of ethnographic photography, film and, since the mid-1990s, new media. More recently...
justice, and law. She is best known for her book, Reproducing Race: An Ethnography of Pregnancy as a Site of Racialization, in which she argues that race...
material culture of indigenous peoples. Also known as non-Western art or ethnographic art, or, controversially, primitive art, tribal arts have historically...
Mobile ethnography is a qualitative research method that takes advantage of technology to document, analyze and derive implications of real-time customer...
cartographic approaches for connecting the complex layers that makeup places. Ethnographical research techniques are used by human geographers. In cultural geography...
the Armenian language, or membership of the Armenian Apostolic Church. Ethnography begins in classical antiquity; after early authors like Anaximander and...