In sociology, the term ethnic penalty is used in reference to the economic and non-economic disadvantages that ethnic minorities experience in the labour market compared to other ethnic groups. As an area of study among behavioral economists, psychologists, and sociologists, it ranges beyond discrimination so non-cognitive factors can also be taken into consideration in order to explain why unwarranted differences exist between individuals with similar abilities because they are members of different ethnicities.
In sociology, the term ethnicpenalty is used in reference to the economic and non-economic disadvantages that ethnic minorities experience in the labour...
in 2016. Society portal Ancestor Diaspora Ethnic cleansing Ethnic interest group Ethnic flag Ethnicpenalty Ethnocultural empathy Ethnocide Ethnographic...
portal Cultural genocide Discrimination based on skin color Ethnic conflict EthnicpenaltyEthnic violence Ethnocentrism Ethnocide Forced displacement Gerrymandering...
religious studies, an ethnic religion is a religion or belief associated with notions of heredity and a particular ethnic group. Ethnic religions are often...
An ethnic conflict is a conflict between two or more ethnic groups. While the source of the conflict may be political, social, economic or religious, the...
Ethnic nationalism, also known as ethnonationalism, is a form of nationalism wherein the nation and nationality are defined in terms of ethnicity, with...
assimilation) within it. Society portal Dominant minority Ethnic minorities in Northern Ireland Ethnicpenalty Intangible cultural heritage Interminority racism...
economic or demographic reasons. Wars created sentiments of ultra-nationalism, ethnic pride and racism. Racism is widely condemned throughout the world, with...
An ethnic stereotype or racial stereotype involves part of a system of beliefs about typical characteristics of members of a given ethnic group, their...
perceived racial and ethnic differences and leads to various forms of the ethnicpenalty. It can also refer to the belief that groups of humans possess different...
The ethnic groups of Africa number in the thousands, with each ethnicity generally having its own language (or dialect of a language) and culture. The...
Ethnic groups in South Asia are ethnolinguistic groupings within the diverse populations of South Asia, including the countries of Bangladesh, Bhutan,...
An ethnic flag is a flag that symbolizes a certain ethnic group. Ethnic flags are often introduced to the ethnic community through the respective cultural...
Ethnic hatred, inter-ethnic hatred, racial hatred, or ethnic tension refers to notions and acts of prejudice and hostility towards an ethnic group to varying...
racially and ethnically diverse population. At the federal level, race and ethnicity have been categorized separately. The most recent United States census...
Armenia has a penalty-enhancement statute for crimes with ethnic, racial, or religious motives (Criminal Code Article 63). Austria has a penalty-enhancement...
group which is the target of suspicion, and fear of losing a national, ethnic, or racial identity. A 1997 review article on xenophobia holds that it is...
An ethnic joke is a remark aiming at humor relating to an ethnic, racial or cultural group, often referring to an ethnic stereotype of the group in question...
An ethnic party is a political party that overtly presents itself as the champion of one ethnic group or sets of ethnic groups. Ethnic parties make such...
In sociology, an ethnic enclave is a geographic area with high ethnic concentration, characteristic cultural identity, and economic activity. The term...
Monoethnicity is the existence of a single ethnic group in a given region or country. It is the opposite of polyethnicity. An example of a largely monoethnic...
others. The supposed superior people can be defined by age, gender, race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, language, social class, ideology, nationality...
group or ethno-national group is a group that is unified by both a common ethnicity and national identity (or political identity), that asserts historic claims...
as in colloquial English discourse—means to apply one's own culture or ethnicity as a frame of reference to judge other cultures, practices, behaviors...
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned practice of killing a person as a punishment...
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