Energy production, consumption and import in Ukraine
Gas pipeline in Dniester Canyon National Nature Park
Energy in Ukraine is mainly from gas and nuclear, followed by oil and coal.[1] Ukraine has a diversified energy mix, and no fuel takes up more than a third of the country’s energy sources. The coal industry has been disrupted by conflict.[2] Most gas and oil is imported, but since 2015 energy policy has prioritised diversifying energy supply.[1]
About half of electricity generation is nuclear and a quarter coal.[1] The largest nuclear power plant in Europe, the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant, is located in Ukraine. Fossil fuel subsidies were USD 1.6 billion in 2021.[3] Until the 2010s all of Ukraine's nuclear fuel came from Russia, but now most does not.[4]
Ukraine’s gas network has a lot of storage, which can be useful for storing Europe’s gas to even out supply and demand,[5] and it formerly transited a lot of Russian natural gas to Europe but that agreement ends at the end of 2024.[6] Some energy infrastructure was destroyed in the Russo-Ukrainian War,[7][8] but wind farms and solar power are thought to be resilient because they are distributed.[9] An energy strategy to 2050 was adopted in 2023 but has not yet been published.[10]
Energy consumption declined in the 1990s after the breakup of the Soviet Union and in the 2010s and 2020s during war with Russia
^ abc"Ukraine - Countries & Regions". IEA. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
^"Review of energy subsidies in the context of energy sector reforms in Ukraine".
^"Westinghouse and Ukraine's Energoatom Extend Long-term Nuclear Fuel Contract". 11 April 2014. Westinghouse. Archived from the original on 11 April 2014. Retrieved 15 April 2014.
^"Natural gas prices are rising after Russia attacked Ukrainian storage tanks". Quartz. 2024-04-11. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
^Walker, Laurence (2024-04-09). "Russia may target gas system if transit ends – Eustream". MONTEL. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
^Lock, Samantha (2022-02-27). "Russia-Ukraine latest news: missile strikes on oil facilities reported as some Russian banks cut off from Swift system – live". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
^Taylor, Kira (2022-02-26). "Ukraine's energy system coping but risks major damage as war continues". www.euractiv.com. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
^Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Resilient and renewable - modelling Ukraine's energy system". Instrat. Retrieved 2024-05-09.
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