Distinction between phrases that have a primary word ("head") and that don't
For the types of virtual reality user interfaces, see Endocentric environment and Exocentric environment.
In theoretical linguistics, a distinction is made between endocentric and exocentric constructions. A grammatical construction (for instance, a phrase or compound) is said to be endocentric if it fulfils the same linguistic function as one of its parts, and exocentric if it does not.[1] The distinction reaches back at least to Bloomfield's work of the 1930s,[2] who based it on terms by Pāṇini and Patañjali in Sanskrit grammar.[3] Such a distinction is possible only in phrase structure grammars (constituency grammars), since in dependency grammars all constructions are necessarily endocentric.[4]
^Matthews (1981:147) provides an insightful discussion of the endo- vs. exocentric distinction. See Falk (2001:43ff., 49ff.) as well.
^See Bloomfield (1933), 194–196 and 235–237.
^Wujastyk (1982).
^Concerning the lack of exocentric structures in dependency grammar, see Osborne et al. (2019: 48-50).
and 12 Related for: Endocentric and exocentric information
between endocentricandexocentric constructions. A grammatical construction (for instance, a phrase or compound) is said to be endocentric if it fulfils...
Broadly, compounds can be divided into two classes: endocentricandexocentric. An endocentric compound, usually called determinative, is where the compound...
does Y? This is an endocentric compound. Can one substitute Y with a noun that is with Y? This is an exocentric compound. Exocentric compounds occur more...
to something that is not visible.): xxi Both endocentricandexocentric compounding occur. Endocentric compounding in Kokota results in words that serve...
In the field of user interfaces, an exocentric environment refers to a virtual reality or some other immersive environment which completely encompasses...
In the field of user interfaces, an endocentric environment refers to a virtual reality or some other immersive environment which is introduced directly...
one of two categories: endocentricandexocentric, where endocentrically deriving affixes occur about twice as often as exocentric ones. The difference...
linguistic form, free form, and others. Similarly, Pāṇini is the source for Bloomfield's use of the terms exocentricandendocentric used to describe compound...
acknowledged. A phrase lacking a head is known as exocentric, and phrases with heads are endocentric. Some modern theories of syntax introduce functional...
head-final and mostly endocentric. As an example of an exocentric attributive blend, Fruitopia may metaphorically take the buyer to a fruity utopia (and not...
which represent a single phoneme. These may further be categorized as: "Exocentric" digraphs, where the sound of the digraph is different from that of either...
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