Encarsia formosa is a species of chalcidoid wasp and a well known parasitoid of greenhouse whitefly, one of the first to be used commercially for biological pest control, from the 1920s. They can use at least 15 species of whitefly as a host, including Bemisia tabaci and Aleyrodes proletella.[1]
The tiny females (about 0.6 mm long) are black with a yellow abdomen and opalescent wings. This species reproduces asexually via thelytoky induced by Wolbachia infection.[1] Males are produced only rarely. They are slightly larger than females and are completely black in coloration.
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Encarsiaformosa is a species of chalcidoid wasp and a well known parasitoid of greenhouse whitefly, one of the first to be used commercially for biological...
crops in greenhouses. Periodic releases of the parasitoidal wasp, Encarsiaformosa, are used to control greenhouse whitefly, while the predatory mite...
commercially in biological pest control, starting in the 1920s with Encarsiaformosa to control whitefly in greenhouses. Historically, parasitoidism in...
biological control of insect pests. One of the first species to be used was Encarsiaformosa, a parasitoid of a range of species of whitefly. It entered commercial...
whitefly parasitoids are Encarsiaformosa and Eretmocerus eremicus, both of which are commercially available. The Encarsiaformosa "Beltsville Strain", however...
Sanderson, J. P. (1998). "Biology and Use of the Whitefly Parasitoid EncarsiaFormosa". Annual Review of Entomology. 43: 645–669. doi:10.1146/annurev.ento...
lacewings, ladybirds, minute pirate bugs, big-eyed bugs, damsel bugs, Encarsiaformosa and phytoseiid mites. Integrated management of whiteflies can as well...
the release of beneficial insects, such as the aphelinid parasitoid, Encarsiaformosa (Gahan). If required, integrated pest management strategies can incorporate...
when compared to rigid wings. Bristles on the wing edges, as seen in Encarsiaformosa, cause a porosity in the flow which augments and reduces the drag forces...
beetles avoid feeding on whitefly nymphs parasitised by wasps such as Encarsiaformosa and Eretmocerus eremicus when the wasps are in later stages of development...
Liriomyza species, Drosophila species), but also small Hymenoptera (Encarsiaformosa). Potential prey are caught only in mid-air with its front legs. The...
the predator. For example, when the whitefly prey of the parasitoid Encarsiaformosa is slowed by plant hairs, the parasitoid can detect and parasitize...
classical biological control is by the use of parasitoid wasps such as Encarsiaformosa , but aggressive strains of whitefly have emerged and results are unpredictable...
Hymenoptera parasitising whiteflies in Australia with their larvae such as Encarsiaformosa (a species of wasp), which was introduced to Australia as a biological...
management is using parasites that feed on whiteflies such as the species Encarsiaformosa wasps, or Eretmocerus cocois Sp. These control management work well...
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