Global InformationEmmerson Mnangagwa information
Emmerson Mnangagwa | |
|---|---|
 Official portrait, 2017 | |
| 3rd President of Zimbabwe | |
Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 24 November 2017 | |
| Vice President | Constantino Chiwenga Kembo Mohadi |
| Preceded by | Robert Mugabe |
| President and First Secretary of ZANU-PF | |
Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 19 November 2017 | |
| Preceded by | Robert Mugabe |
| First Vice-President of Zimbabwe | |
| In office 12 December 2014 – 6 November 2017 | |
| President | Robert Mugabe |
| Preceded by | Joice Mujuru |
| Succeeded by | Constantino Chiwenga |
| Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs | |
| In office 11 September 2013 – 9 October 2017 | |
| President | Robert Mugabe |
| Deputy | Fortune Chasi |
| Preceded by | Patrick Chinamasa |
| Succeeded by | Happyton Bonyongwe |
| In office 31 December 1989 – 1 July 2000 | |
| President | Robert Mugabe |
| Preceded by | Eddison Zvobgo |
| Succeeded by | Patrick Chinamasa |
| Minister of Defence | |
| In office 13 February 2009 – 11 September 2013 | |
| President | Robert Mugabe |
| Preceded by | Sydney Sekeramayi |
| Succeeded by | Sydney Sekeramayi |
| Minister of Rural Housing and Social Amenities | |
| In office 9 April 2005 – 13 February 2009 | |
| President | Robert Mugabe |
| Deputy | Joel Biggie Matiza |
| Succeeded by | Fidelis Mhashu |
| Speaker of Parliament | |
| In office 18 July 2000 – 9 April 2005 | |
| Preceded by | Cyril Ndebele |
| Succeeded by | John Nkomo |
| Minister of State for National Security | |
| In office 1980–1988 | |
| Prime Minister | Robert Mugabe |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Sydney Sekeramayi |
| Member of Parliament | |
| In office 13 May 1980 – 2014 | |
| Succeeded by | Auxillia Mnangagwa |
| Constituency | Midlands (1980–1985) Kwekwe East (1985–1990) Kwekwe (1990–2000) Appointed (2000–2008) Chirumanzu–Zibagwe (2008–2014) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Dambudzo Mnangagwa 15 September 1942 Shabani, Southern Rhodesia (now Zvishavane, Zimbabwe) |
| Political party | ZANU–PF (1987–present) |
| Other political affiliations |
|
| Spouses | Jayne Matarise
(m. 1973; died 2002)
|
| Relations | Tongai Mnangagwa (nephew) |
| Children | 18[1] (including David) |
| Education |
|
| Signature |  |
Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa (US: /mənəŋˈɡɑːɡwə/ ⓘ mə-nəng-GAH-gwə, Shona: [m̩naˈᵑɡaɡwa]; born 15 September 1942) is a Zimbabwean politician who is serving as President of Zimbabwe since 24 November 2017. A member of ZANU–PF and a longtime ally of former President Robert Mugabe, he held a series of cabinet portfolios and was Mugabe's Vice-President until November 2017, when he was dismissed before coming to power in a coup d'état. He secured his first full term as president in the disputed 2018 general election. Mnangagwa was re-elected in the August 2023 general election with 52.6% of the vote.[2][3]
Mnangagwa was born in 1942 in Shabani, Southern Rhodesia, to a large Shona family. His parents were farmers, and in the 1950s he and his family were forced to move to Northern Rhodesia because of his father's political activism. There he became active in anti-colonial politics, and in 1963 he joined the newly formed Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army, the militant wing of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU). He returned to Rhodesia in 1964 as leader of the "Crocodile Gang", a group that attacked white-owned farms in the Eastern Highlands. In 1965, he bombed a train near Fort Victoria (now Masvingo) and was imprisoned for ten years, after which he was released and deported to the recently independent Zambia. He later studied law at the University of Zambia and practised as an attorney for two years before going to Mozambique to rejoin ZANU.[4] In Mozambique, he was assigned to be Robert Mugabe's assistant and bodyguard, and accompanied him to the Lancaster House Agreement which resulted in Zimbabwe's recognised independence in 1980.
After independence, Mnangagwa held a series of senior cabinet positions under Mugabe. From 1980 to 1988, he was the country's first Minister of State Security, and oversaw the Central Intelligence Organisation. His role in the Gukurahundi massacres, in which thousands of Ndebele civilians were killed during his tenure, is controversial. Mnangagwa was Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs from 1989 to 2000 and then Speaker of the Parliament from 2000 until 2005, when he was demoted to Minister of Rural Housing for openly jockeying to succeed the aging Mugabe. He returned to favour during the 2008 general election, in which he ran Mugabe's campaign, orchestrating political violence against the opposition Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai. Mnangagwa served as Minister of Defence from 2009 until 2013, when he became justice minister again. He was also appointed First Vice-President in 2014 and was widely considered a leading candidate to succeed Mugabe.
Mnangagwa's ascendancy was opposed by Mugabe's wife, Grace Mugabe, and her Generation 40 political faction. Mugabe dismissed Mnangagwa from his positions in November 2017, and he fled to South Africa. Soon after, General Constantino Chiwenga, backed by elements of the Zimbabwe Defence Forces and members of Mnangagwa's Lacoste political faction, launched a coup. After losing ZANU–PF's support, Mugabe resigned, and Mnangagwa returned to Zimbabwe to assume the presidency.
Mnangagwa is commonly nicknamed "Garwe" or "Ngwena" (Shona: "The crocodile).[5][6] It came initially from the name of the guerrilla group he founded, but later came to denote his political shrewdness. Reflecting this, the pro-Mnangagwa faction within ZANU–PF is named Lacoste after the French clothing company, known for its crocodile logo.[7][8] He is also known in his home province of Midlands as "the Godfather".[9] Mnangagwa was included in Time magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2018.[10]
- ^ Mananavire, Bridget (25 May 2018). "Mnangagwa has 18 children". Nehanda Radio.
- ^ "Zimbabwe's President Mnangagwa wins second term". dw.com. 27 August 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
- ^ "Emmerson Mnangagwa wins second term as Zimbabwe's president". RT International. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
- ^ "Mnangagwa's 'fake' law degree exposed?". Bulawayo24 News. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
- ^ Bearak, Max (22 November 2017). "Who is Emmerson Mnangagwa, Mugabe's successor in Zimbabwe?". The Washington Post. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
ShonaDictwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Griffiths, James (21 November 2017). "A 'tyrant' who could be Zimbabwe's next president". CNN. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
- ^ Diseko, Lebo (24 November 2017). "Emmerson Mnangagwa: Will he be different from Mugabe?". BBC News. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:10was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Mawarire, Evan. "Emmerson Mnangagwa: The World's 100 Most Influential People". Time. Retrieved 22 September 2020.