"ESUS" redirects here. For other uses, see ESUS (disambiguation).
Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) is an embolic stroke, a type of ischemic stroke, with an unknown origin,[1] defined as a non-lacunar brain infarct without proximal arterial stenosis or cardioembolic sources.[2] As such, it forms a subset of cryptogenic stroke, which is part of the TOAST-classification.[3] The following diagnostic criteria define an ESUS:[2]
Stroke detected by CT or MRI that is not lacunar
No major-risk cardioembolic source of embolism
Absence of extracranial or intracranial atherosclerosis causing 50% luminal stenosis in arteries supplying the area of ischaemia
No other specific cause of stroke identified (e.g., arteritis, dissection, migraine/vasospasm, drug misuse)
^ abHart RG, Diener HC, Coutts SB, Easton JD, Granger CB, O'Donnell MJ, Sacco RL, Connolly SJ (April 2014). "Embolic strokes of undetermined source: the case for a new clinical construct". The Lancet. Neurology. 13 (4): 429–38. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70310-7. PMID 24646875. S2CID 36116833.
^Adams HP, Bendixen BH, Kappelle LJ, Biller J, Love BB, Gordon DL, Marsh EE (January 1993). "Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment". Stroke. 24 (1): 35–41. doi:10.1161/01.STR.24.1.35. PMID 7678184.
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