This article is about a traffic management scheme in Singapore. For the more general concept about direct road user charges, see road pricing.
ERP gantry along the Bukit Timah Expressway.
The Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system is an electronic toll collection scheme adopted in Singapore to manage traffic by way of road pricing, and as a usage-based taxation mechanism to complement the purchase-based Certificate of Entitlement system. There are a total of 93 ERP gantries located throughout the country, along expressways and roads leading towards the Central Area.[1] As of February 2023, there were a total of 19 ERP gantries in operation, as compared to 77 in 2020 before the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore.[2]
The ERP was implemented by the Land Transport Authority (LTA) on April 1, 1998[3] to replace the preceding Singapore Area Licensing Scheme (ALS) that was first introduced on 11 August 1974 after successfully stress-testing the system with vehicles running at high speed. The system uses open road tolling; vehicles do not stop or slow down to pay tolls.[4][5]
Singapore was the first city in the world to implement an electronic road toll collection system for purposes of congestion pricing.[6] Its use has inspired other cities around the world in adopting a similar system, particularly London's Congestion Charge Zone (CCZ) and Stockholm's congestion tax.[7] It has also been proposed in New York City and San Francisco.
^"Passenger Cars/ Lights Goods Vehicles/ Taxis - 28 August 2023". Land Transport Authority (LTA). 23 August 2023. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
^"Fewer than 1 in 4 ERP gantries in use today, even as rates at some locations go up". The Straits Times. 13 February 2023. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
^"Electronic Road Pricing system | Infopedia". Archived from the original on 2 October 2022. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
^Santos Georgina (2005). "Urban Congestion Charging: A Comparison between London and Singapore". Transport Reviews. 25 (5): 511–534. doi:10.1080/01441640500064439. S2CID 153685223.
^Electronic Road Pricing. Land Transport Authority (Singapore)
^Cervero, Robert (1998). The Transit Metropolis. Island Press, Washington, D.C. p. 169. ISBN 1-55963-591-6. Chapter 6/The Master Planned Transit Metropolis: Singapore.
^Cite error: The named reference guardianQA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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