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Ecbatana/ɛkˈbætənə/ (Old Persian: 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠𐎴Hagmatāna or Haŋmatāna,[1] literally "the place of gathering" according to Darius the Great's inscription at Bisotun; Persian: هگمتانه; Middle Persian: 𐭠𐭧𐭬𐭲𐭠𐭭; Parthian: 𐭀𐭇𐭌𐭕𐭍 Ahmadān; Akkadian: 𒆳𒀀𒃵𒋫𒉡KURAgamtanu; Elamite: 𒀝𒈠𒆪𒈾 Agmadana; Imperial Aramaic: אַחְמְתָאʾAḥməṯāʾ; Ancient Greek: Ἀγβάτανα or Ἐκβάτανα) was an ancient city and the capital of the Median Empire, making it the first capital of Iran. It later became the summer capital of the Achaemenid and Parthian Empires.[2] It was also an important city during the Seleucid and Sasanian empires. It is believed that Ecbatana is located in the Zagros Mountains, the east of central Mesopotamia,[2] on Hagmatana Hill (Tappe-ye Hagmatāna).[3] Ecbatana's strategic location and resources probably made it a popular site even before the 1st millennium BC.[4] Along with Athens in Greece, Rome in Italy and Susa in Khuzestan, Ecbatana is one of the few ancient cities in the world that is still alive and important, representing the current-day Hamadan.[5]
^Stausberg, Vevaina & Tessmann 2015, p. 394.
^ abNardo, Don. "Ecbatana." The Greenhaven Encyclopedia of Ancient Mesopotamia, edited by Robert B. Kebric, Greenhaven Press, 2007, pp. 97-98. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3205100129/WHIC?u=wylrc_uwyoming&sid=summon&xid=e9682d3c. Accessed 20 Nov. 2022.
^Brown 1997, pp. 80–84.
^Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica. "Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2022-12-03.
^Nazari, Atiyeh (2023-03-22). "Ecbatana, Journey to the Medes and Achaemenid". GoPersis. Retrieved 2024-01-25.
The Battle of Ecbatana was fought in 129 BC between the Seleucids led by Antiochus VII Sidetes and the Parthians led by Phraates II, and marked the final...
as the Ecbatana Hill, was the true place of the ancient city of Ecbatana. Some historians, including Henry Rawlinson, believe that the Ecbatana mentioned...
families, that of the blind Tobit in Nineveh and of the abandoned Sarah in Ecbatana. Tobit's son Tobias is sent to retrieve ten silver talents that Tobit once...
Greek: Mēdía; in Akkadian: Mādāya) was a political entity centered in Ecbatana that existed from the 7th century BCE until the mid-6th century BCE and...
the northeastern and eastern region of Mesopotamia in the vicinity of Ecbatana (present-day Hamadan). Their consolidation in Iran is believed to have...
cities. Population maps of Iranian counties and provinces Chogha Zanbil Ecbatana Istakhr Naqsh-e Rustam Pasargadae Persepolis Shahr-e Sukhteh Susa Takht-e...
Deioces in 728 BC, the foundation of the Median Empire and their capital Ecbatana, unifying Iran as a nation and state for the first time in 625 BC. By 612...
capturing Astyages and taking the Median capital city of Ecbatana. Once in control of Ecbatana, Cyrus styled himself as the successor to Astyages and assumed...
temples of many of the empire's major cities, including Babylon, Susa, Ecbatana, Bactria, Persepolis, Damascus and Sardis.[c1] Also according to Berosus...
the oldest Iranian cities. It was referred to in classical sources as Ecbatana (Old Persian Hamgmatāna). It is possible that it was occupied by the Assyrians...
al-Hamawi, writing in the 13th century, mentioned a town in Hamadan (ancient Ecbatana) with the name Nisa. The city of Nahavand is located on the Nisaean plain...
Astyages to let him return to Persia, but some time after his departure from Ecbatana, the Persian Revolt began. Astyages' dreams and their interpretation became...
at his immediate disposal, he was ambushed and killed at the Battle of Ecbatana in 129 BC. Antiochus Sidetes is sometimes called the last great Seleucid...
own officers, who handed him over to Alexander, who had him executed at Ecbatana. Bessus appears in the 11th-century Persian epic Shahnameh under the name...
Seleucia, Ecbatana, Ctesiphon and his newly founded city, Mithradatkert (Nisa), where the tombs of the Arsacid kings were built and maintained. Ecbatana became...
Median capital of Ecbatana, where Atropates gave him hospitality. Darius attempted to raise a new army but was forced to flee Ecbatana in June 330 BCE....
mutiny against Astyages. Cyrus then went on to capture Astyages' capital of Ecbatana. Ancient sources agree that after Astyages was taken by Cyrus he was treated...
Tepe Susa Khorramabad Assyria Tappeh Hasanlu Median to Achaemenid period Ecbatana Persepolis Behistun Rey, Iran Pasargadae Temukan Bābā Jān Tepe Marlik Qaleh...
decisive encounter between the two. Darius fled over the mountains to Ecbatana (modern Hamadan) while Alexander captured Babylon. Babylonian astronomical...
that Darius would never again raise an imperial army. Darius then fled to Ecbatana and attempted to raise a third army, while Alexander took possession of...
described Indian palaces as superior in splendor to Persia's Susa or Ecbatana. The architecture of the city seems to have had many similarities with...
v t e Median topics Language Median language, Iranian language Cities Ecbatana (Hamadan) Rhagae (Shahre Rey, Tehran) Laodicea (Nahavand) Battles involving...
king. Astyages summoned Mandane, at the time pregnant with Cyrus, back to Ecbatana to have the child killed. His general Harpagus delegated the task to Mithradates...
of the royal house. The country's true capitals were Susa, Babylon and Ecbatana. This may be why the Greeks were not acquainted with the city until Alexander...
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