Global InformationEarl of Roscommon information
Earl of Roscommon was a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created on 5 August 1622 for James Dillon, 1st Baron Dillon. He had already been created Baron Dillon on 24 January 1619, also in the Peerage of Ireland. The fourth Earl was a courtier, poet and critic. The fifth Earl was a professional soldier, politician and courtier: he was friendly with Samuel Pepys, who refers to him several times as "Colonel Dillon" in his famous Diary. After the death of the tenth Earl, there were two prolonged investigations by the Irish House of Lords during the 1790s to ascertain the legitimacy of his son Patrick, against the rival claim by Robert Dillon, a descendant of the seventh son of the first Earl and the next male heir in line. These eventually found in Patrick's favour.[1] The titles became dormant on the death of the eleventh Earl in 1816. However, in 1828 the United Kingdom House of Lords decided that the rightful heir to the peerages was Michael Dillon, another descendant of the seventh son of the first Earl, who became the twelfth Earl. The House of Lords decided against Francis Stephen Dillon (d 1840[2]), an inmate of a debtors' prison who dubiously claimed descent from the third son of the first Earl.[3] The titles became extinct on the death of the twelfth Earl on 15 May 1850.
The Dillon family is a widespread Old English family that descended from Sir Henry Dillon who came to Ireland with Prince John in 1185.[4] The Dillon family held substantial lands in Meath, Westmeath, Longford and Roscommon. This family has three noble branches: The Viscounts Dillon, the Earls of Roscommon and the Barons Clonbrock.
The line of the Viscounts Dillon is the most senior of the three noble lines. The line of the Earls of Roscommon departed from this senior line with James Dillon of Proudston, the third son of Gerald Dillon of Drumrany, whereas the senior line continued with Maurice, Gerald's eldest son[5] Sir James Dillon (died 1507), great-grandfather of the first Earl, was a distinguished judge, as were several of his descendants. The senior line became noble on 16 March 1622, about six months before the "Roscommon" line. The branch of the Barons Clonbrock departed from the line of the Earls of Roscommon at a later point.
- ^ MacDermotRoe, Ken. "ROSCOMMON PEERAGE TRIAL". MacDermot Roe, Biatach. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ^ Longford Journal 30 May 1840
- ^ Taylor, John Sydney (1829). The Roscommon claim of peerage. London: Saunders and Benning.
- ^ Webb 1878, p. 149, line 7: "... [Sir Henry Dillon] came to Ireland in 1185 as secretary to Prince John ..."
- ^ Lodge 1789, p. 138, Note, 2nd paragraph: "Gerald, Lord of Drumrany, married Amy or Emilia, a daughter of the Illustrious House of Desmond, and by her had issue, four sons and two daughters, viz. Sir Maurice, his heir; Henry, Prior of St. Peter's, of Newtown, near Trim; Sir James, ancestor to the Earls of Roscomon."