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EXOSAT
EXOSAT
Mission type
Astronomy
Operator
ESA
COSPAR ID
1983-051A
SATCAT no.
14095
Website
www.esa.int/export/esaSC/120394_index_0_m.html
Mission duration
3 years
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer
MBB
Launch mass
510.0 kg (1,124.4 lb)
Power
165.0 watts
Start of mission
Launch date
26 May 1983, 15:18:00 (1983-05-26UTC15:18Z) UTC
Rocket
Delta 3914 D169
Launch site
Vandenberg SLC-2W
End of mission
Decay date
5 May 1986 (1986-05-06)
Orbital parameters
Reference system
Geocentric
Regime
Low Earth
Eccentricity
0.93428
Perigee altitude
347 km (216 mi)
Apogee altitude
191,709 km (119,122 mi)
Inclination
72.5 degrees
Period
5,435.4 minutes
Epoch
26 May 1983, 11:18:00 UTC[1]
Legacy ESA insignia for the EXOSAT mission
The European X-ray Observatory Satellite (EXOSAT), originally named HELOS, was an X-ray telescope operational from May 1983 until April 1986 and in that time made 1780 observations in the X-ray band of most classes of astronomical object including active galactic nuclei, stellar coronae, cataclysmic variables, white dwarfs, X-ray binaries, clusters of galaxies, and supernova remnants.
This European Space Agency (ESA) satellite for direct-pointing and lunar-occultation observation of X-ray sources beyond the Solar System was launched into a highly eccentric orbit (apogee 200,000 km, perigee 500 km) almost perpendicular to that of the Moon on 26 May 1983. The instrumentation includes two low-energy imaging telescopes (LEIT) with Wolter I X-ray optics (for the 0.04–2 keV energy range), a medium-energy experiment using Ar/CO2 and Xe/CO2 detectors (for 1.5–50 keV), a Xe/He gas scintillation spectrometer (GSPC) (covering 2–80 keV), and a reprogrammable onboard data-processing computer. Exosat was capable of observing an object (in the direct-pointing mode) for up to 80 hours and of locating sources to within at least 10 arcsec with the LEIT and about 2 arcsec with GSPC.[2]
^"EXOSAT". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA. Retrieved October 23, 2017.
^Hoff HA (Aug 1983). "EXOSAT - The new extrasolar X-ray observatory". J Brit Interplan Soc. (Space Chronicle). 36 (8): 363–7. Archived from the original on 2012-08-29.
The European X-ray Observatory Satellite (EXOSAT), originally named HELOS, was an X-ray telescope operational from May 1983 until April 1986 and in that...
eventually chose HELOS, renamed Exosat, and the IMP-D, renamed ISEE-2, projects. The European X-ray Observatory Satellite (EXOSAT), originally named "HELOS"...
Proxima Centauri. Further observations of flare activity were made with the EXOSAT and ROSAT satellites, and the X-ray emissions of smaller, solar-like flares...
in 1984–85 Lewin made guest observations with the European observatory EXOSAT in collaboration with colleagues from Amsterdam and Garching, Germany. This...
Union Venera 16 Venus Success Venera 16 orbiter Europe EXOSAT Earth Success Launch of the EXOSAT X-ray satellite Japan Tenma Earth Success Launch of the...
telescopes such as Chandra X-ray Observatory, XMM-Newton, ROSAT, ASCA, EXOSAT, Suzaku, RHESSI and future missions like IXO [1] and Astro-H [2]. Bremsstrahlung...
X1732-304 was detected within the cluster with NASA’s Spacelab 2 and ESA’s EXOSAT missions. "A home for old stars". Retrieved 15 December 2015. "Search Result...
Science Directorate as a visiting scientist, working as duty scientist at the EXOSAT Observatory, located at ESOC, the European Space Operations Centre in Darmstadt...
which discovered 300 sources. More recent X-ray satellites include: the EXOSAT (1983), ROSAT (1990), Chandra (1999), and Newton (1999). Gamma rays are...
fifteen instruments from various European national space administrations. EXOSAT, launched May 1983 – ESA's first X-ray space observatory mission. GEOS-1...
doi:10.1086/190600. Turner, T. J.; Pounds, K. A. (1 October 1989). "The EXOSAT spectral survey of AGN". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society...
missions that influenced ESIS at the time were the Hubble Space Telescope, EXOSAT and IUE, while Space Physics was mainly focused on the Cluster mission....
accretion disk in orbit around the primary. X-ray observations with the EXOSAT observatory in 1984–1985 demonstrated there are two regions of emission...
was reduced to seven telescopes overall by 1987, though the success of EXOSAT inspired mission planners to improve the efficiency of the mission's observations...
of BU Cet. The star was detected as a source of soft X-ray emission by EXOSAT. It has 18% more mass than the Sun and is estimated to be about four billion...
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