Modified letter E used in transcribing old Gaelic, Latin and Old Norse texts
Part of a Latin book published in Rome in 1632. E caudata is used in the words Sacrę, propagandę, prædictę, and grammaticę. The spelling grammaticæ, with æ, is also used.
The e caudata ([eː kau̯ˈdaːta], Latin for "tailed e", from Latin: cauda — "tail"; sometimes also called the e cedilla, hooked e, or looped e[1]) is a modified form of the letter E that is usually graphically represented in printed text as E with ogonek (ę) but has a distinct history of usage. It was used in Latin from as early as the sixth century[1] to represent the vowel also written ae or æ. In old Gaelic texts from the 13th century, it represented an ea ligature.[2]
In Middle and Early Modern Irish manuscripts, and in unnormalised transcriptions of them, e caudata is used for e, ae, and ea.
In Old Norse manuscripts, e caudata was used for both short and long versions of /æ/. In a few texts in Old Norse, it represents short /æ/, the result of i-mutation of Proto-Germanic */a/, and contrasts with e, which represents Proto-Germanic */e/. However, because these two vowels eventually merged to /e/ in the written varieties of Old Norse, they are commonly both written as e. [citation needed]
^ abBeneš, Carrie E. (2003). "The Appearance and Spread of the E-Cedilla in Latin Bookhands". Manuscripta. 43–44: 1–44. doi:10.1484/J.MSS.2.300664.
^"ea (ligature) • CODECS: Online Database and e-Resources for Celtic Studies". www.vanhamel.nl. Retrieved 2016-07-13.
The ecaudata ([eː kau̯ˈdaːta], Latin for "tailed e", from Latin: cauda — "tail"; sometimes also called the e cedilla, hooked e, or looped e) is a modified...
texts, as o caudata is typographically identical to o with ogonek. Similarly, the Ecaudata was sometimes used to designate the Norse vowel [ɛ] or [æ]. The...
The Caudata are a group of amphibians containing the extant salamanders (the order Urodela) and all extinct species of amphibians more closely related...
Elymnias caudata, the tailed palmfly, is a species of satyrine butterfly found in South India. Some authors consider this as a subspecies of Elymnias...
Enaretta caudata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Fahraeus in 1872. BioLib.cz - Enaretta. Retrieved on 8 September...
Eupleura caudata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. This species occurs on...
i-umlaut of /o(ː)/. In West Saxon and Kentish, it had already merged with /e(ː)/ before the first written prose. Other dialects had different systems of...
Ohwia caudata, formerly placed in the genus Desmodium (as D. caudatum), is a deciduous nitrogen fixing plant in the family Fabaceae. It is found in India...
Liquidambar caudata is a species of sweetgum tree native to East China. Liquidambar caudata is similar to Altingia gracilipes, but its leaves are not...
Commiphora caudata, the hill mango or green commiphora, is the most abundant Asian species of Commiphora of flowering plants in the frankincense and myrrh...
Brassia caudata is a species of orchid. It is found widespread across the warmer parts of the Western Hemisphere, reported from southern Mexico (Chiapas...
and i. The diphthong ae is usually collapsed and simply written as e (or ecaudata, ę); for example, puellae might be written puelle (or puellę). The same...
Strelitzia caudata, commonly known as the mountain strelitzia or wild banana, is a species of banana-like Strelitzia from Africa from the Chimanimani...
salamander families are grouped together under the order Urodela from the group Caudata. Salamander diversity is highest in eastern North America, especially in...
Himantopterus caudata is a moth in the family Himantopteridae. It was described by Frederic Moore in 1879. It is found in Myanmar and Assam, India. The...
Spatalla caudata, the woolly-hair spoon, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Spatalla and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native...
Tetragnatha caudata is a species of long-jawed orb weaver in the family of spiders known as Tetragnathidae. It is found in North, Central America, Cuba...
Alsophila caudata, synonym Cyathea caudata, is a species of tree fern native to the islands of Luzon and Mindanao in the Philippines, where it grows in...
Strophidia caudata is a moth of the family Uraniidae first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1781. It is found in the Indian subregion, Sri Lanka...
Ischnothele caudata is a spider in the family Ischnothelidae, found from Mexico to Brazil. It was first described in 1875 by Anton Ausserer. Ausserer...
related to Micropholis caudata. Pires O'Brien, J. (1998). "Micropholis caudata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998: e.T35629A9946579. doi:10.2305/IUCN...
Press. p. 164. ISBN 978-0-88192-267-7. Media related to Masdevallia caudata at Wikimedia Commons "Masdevallia caudata" at the Encyclopedia of Life v t e...
Orientozeuzera caudata is a moth in the family Cossidae. It was described by James John Joicey and George Talbot in 1916. It is found in New Guinea. There...
Aechmea caudata is a species in the genus Aechmea. This species is native to southeastern Brazil from Espírito Santo to Rio Grande do Sul. Cultivars include:...
Sphecodina caudata is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is found in the southern Russian Far East, the Korean Peninsula, eastern and southern China...
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