Equipment using an organic dye to emit coherent light
Close-up of a table-top CW dye laser based on rhodamine 6G, emitting at 580 nm (yellow). The emitted laser beam is visible as faint yellow lines between the yellow window (center) and the yellow optics (upper-right), where it reflects down across the image to an unseen mirror, and back into the dye jet from the lower left corner. The orange dye-solution enters the laser from the left and exits to the right, still glowing from triplet phosphorescence, and is pumped by a 514 nm (blue-green) beam from an argon laser. The pump laser can be seen entering the dye jet, beneath the yellow window.
A dye laser is a laser that uses an organic dye as the lasing medium, usually as a liquid solution. Compared to gases and most solid state lasing media, a dye can usually be used for a much wider range of wavelengths, often spanning 50 to 100 nanometers or more. The wide bandwidth makes them particularly suitable for tunable lasers and pulsed lasers. The dye rhodamine 6G, for example, can be tuned from 635 nm (orangish-red) to 560 nm (greenish-yellow), and produce pulses as short as 16 femtoseconds.[1] Moreover, the dye can be replaced by another type in order to generate an even broader range of wavelengths with the same laser, from the near-infrared to the near-ultraviolet, although this usually requires replacing other optical components in the laser as well, such as dielectric mirrors or pump lasers.
Dye lasers were independently discovered by P. P. Sorokin and F. P. Schäfer (and colleagues) in 1966.[2][3]
In addition to the usual liquid state, dye lasers are also available as solid state dye lasers (SSDL). These SSDL lasers use dye-doped organic matrices as gain medium.
^Dye Laser Principles: With Applications by Frank J. Duarte, Lloyd W. Hillman -- Academic Press 1990 Page 42
^F. P. Schäfer (Ed.), Dye Lasers (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990).
^F. J. Duarte and L. W. Hillman (Eds.), Dye Laser Principles (Academic, New York, 1990).
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