Use of drones/UAS/UAV in wildfire suppression and management
An MQ-9 Reaper remotely piloted aircraft assigned to the 163d Attack Wing soars over Southern California skies on a training flight to March Air Reserve Base, California, in this Sept. 15, 2016, file photo. The wing is flying MQ-9s in support of civil authorities battling deadly wildfires in Northern California. (Air National Guard Photo by Tech. Sgt. Neil Ballecer)This infrared video is from above the North Umpqua Fire by Marcus Tobey, BLM. That southwest Oregon blaze burned about 43,000 acres.
Drones, also known as Unmanned Aerial Systems/Vehicles (UAS/UAV), or Remotely Piloted Aircraft, are used in wildfire surveillance and suppression.[1][2] They help in the detection, containment, and extinguishing of fires.[3] They are also used for locating a hot spot, firebreak breaches, and then to deliver water to the affected site.[4] In terms of maneuverability, these are superior to a helicopter or other forms of manned aircraft.[5] They help firefighters determine where a fire will spread through tracking and mapping fire patterns.[1][6][7] These empower scientists and incident personnel to make informed decisions. These devices can fly when and where manned aircraft are unable to fly.[8] They are associated with low cost and are flexible devices that offer a high spatiotemporal resolution.[9]
The data gathered through these devices is unique[10] and accurate as they fly low, slow, and for a long period. They can also collect high-resolution imagery and sub-centimeter data in smoke and at night. It provides firefighters access to real-time data without putting the lives of pilots at risk.[8][11][5] Managing a 24/7-drone fleet over any huge forestland is challenging.[3] Public drones pose a danger to wildfire and can cost lives. Fire response agencies are forced to ground their aircraft to avoid the potential for a midair collision.[12] Policies in the United States, Canada, and Australia discourage the use of public drones near wildfires.[13][14][15]
^ abCoops, Nicholas; Goodbody, Tristan R. H. (October 28, 2019). "Drones help track wildfires, count wildlife and map plants". The Conversation.
^"What to know about the Wildfire Management Technology Advancement Act". FireRescue1. 6 November 2019. Retrieved 2020-05-01.
^ abFrey, Thomas (2018-08-22). "Using Drones to Eliminate Future Forest Fires". Futurist Speaker. Retrieved 2020-05-01.
^Divis, Dee Ann (2019-02-05). "Feds Directed to Use Drones to Fight Wildfires". Inside Unmanned Systems. Retrieved 2020-05-01.
^ ab"Drones and Wildfires: How New Tech is Shaping Wildfire Response - Wildfires, Drones, and Emergency Management". veoci.com. 20 June 2019. Retrieved 2020-05-01.
^Baggaley, Kate (November 16, 2017). "Drones are fighting wildfires in some very surprising ways". NBC News.
^Lapastora, Charlie (24 June 2019). "Drones the latest critical tool to fight wildfires". Fox News.
^ ab"Drones on Wildfires. Archived 2021-07-30 at the Wayback Machine" doi.gov. Retrieved 2020-05-01
^Twidwell, Dirac; Allen, Craig R; Detweiler, Carrick; Higgins, James; Laney, Christian; Elbaum, Sebastian (August 2016). "Smokey comes of age: unmanned aerial systems for fire management". Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 14 (6): 333–339. Bibcode:2016FrEE...14..333T. doi:10.1002/fee.1299. S2CID 17106263.
^Duewel, Jeff; Stoddard, Scott (17 August 2018). "'The best friend a firefighter could have': How drones help battle Oregon wildfires". KVAL. The Daily Courier.
^"Drones & Wildfires Digital Toolkit." Federal Aviation Administration. Retrieved 2020-05-01. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^Fatemah Afgah et al. "Wildfire Monitoring in Remote Areas using Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles" Northern Arizona University & University of Alabama. Retrieved 2020-05-01.
^"Drones on the Fire Ground - Australia Update". International Association of Wildland Fire. Retrieved 2020-05-01.
^"Drones and UAVs" gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 2020-05-01.
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