Global InformationDermatophagia information
| Dermatophagia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Extreme nail biting / biting of skin to point of an obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)[1] or other condition leading to self mutilating behavior such as autistic spectrum disorders[citation needed] (as is the case in this example) or Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome[2] | |
| Specialty | Psychiatry |
| Types | OCD |
Dermatophagia (from Ancient Greek δέρμα — lit. skin and φαγεία lit. eating) or dermatodaxia (from δήξις, lit. biting)[3] is a compulsion disorder of gnawing or biting one's own skin, most commonly at the fingers. This action can either be conscious or unconscious[4] and it is considered to be a type of pica. Those affected with dermatophagia typically bite the skin around the nails, leading to bleeding and discoloration over time. Some people also bite on their skin on their finger knuckles which can lead to pain and bleeding just by moving their fingers. In herpetology, dermatophagia is used to correctly describe the act in which amphibians and reptiles eat the skin they shed,[5] but this is not what occurs in humans. Those diagnosed with this disorder do not develop wounds on the bitten areas of their hands or lose any skin. Instead, they experience a thickening of the skin being repeatedly bitten.[3] Contemporary research suggests a link between impulse-control disorders and obsessive–compulsive disorders,[6] and this was addressed in the DSM-5 when dermatophagia and other related disorders were classified as 'other specified obsessive-compulsive related disorders' and are given the specification of body focused repetitive behavior.[7]
- ^ Grzesiak, Magdelena; Pacan, Przemysław; Reich, Adam; Szepietowski, Jacek C. (2009). "Onychophagia as a Spectrum of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder". Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 89 (3): 278–280. doi:10.2340/00015555-0646. PMID 19479125. Retrieved 2023-01-10.
- ^ Nanagiri, Apoorva; Shabbir, Nadeem (2022). Lesch Nyhan Syndrome. Treasure Island, Florida: StatPearls [Internet]. PMID 32310539.
- ^ a b Mitropoulos, Panagiotis; Norton, Scott (August 2005). "Dermatophagia or dermatodaxia?". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 53 (2): 365. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2005.04.021. PMID 16021151 – via JAAD.
- ^ Scott, MJ (January 1997). "Dermatophagia: "wolf-biter"". Cutis. 59 (1): 19–20. ISSN 0011-4162. PMID 9013066.
- ^ Weldon, Paul (June 1993). "A Survey of Shed Skin-Eating in Amphibians and Reptiles". Journal of Herpetology. 27: 219–228 – via JSTOR.
- ^ Grant; et al. (January 2010). "Impulse-control disorders in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder". Psychiatry Res. 175 (1–2): 109–13. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2009.04.006. PMC 2815218. PMID 20004481.
- ^ American Psychiatric Association (2016). Supplement to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. pp. 12–14.