Number of people permanently residing in Shenzhen, at the end of each year
Year
Pop.
±%
1979
314,100
—
1980
332,900
+6.0%
1981
366,900
+10.2%
1982
449,500
+22.5%
1983
595,200
+32.4%
1984
741,300
+24.5%
1985
881,500
+18.9%
1986
935,600
+6.1%
1987
1,054,400
+12.7%
1988
1,201,400
+13.9%
1989
1,416,000
+17.9%
1990
1,677,800
+18.5%
1991
2,267,600
+35.2%
1992
2,680,200
+18.2%
1993
3,359,700
+25.4%
1994
4,127,100
+22.8%
1995
4,491,500
+8.8%
1996
4,828,900
+7.5%
1997
5,277,500
+9.3%
1998
5,803,300
+10.0%
1999
6,325,600
+9.0%
2000
7,012,400
+10.9%
2001
7,245,700
+3.3%
2002
7,466,200
+3.0%
2003
7,782,700
+4.2%
2004
8,008,000
+2.9%
2005
8,277,500
+3.4%
2006
8,711,000
+5.2%
2007
9,123,700
+4.7%
2008
9,542,800
+4.6%
2009
9,950,100
+4.3%
2010
10,372,000
+4.2%
2011
10,467,400
+0.9%
2012
10,547,400
+0.8%
2013
10,628,900
+0.8%
2014
10,778,900
+1.4%
2015
11,378,700
+5.6%
2016
11,908,400
+4.7%
2017
12,528,300
+5.2%
2018
13,026,600
+4.0%
2019
13,438,800
+3.2%
Shenzhen Statistical Yearbook, 2020[1]
As of 2020, Shenzhen had a total permanent population of 17,560,000, with 5,874,000 (33.4%) of them hukou holders (registered locally).[2][3][4][5] As Shenzhen is a young city, senior citizens above 60 years old took up only 5.36 percent of the city's total population.[2] Despite this, the life expectancy in Shenzhen is 81.25 in 2018, ranking among the top twenty cities in China.[6] The male to female ratio in Shenzhen is 130 to 100, making the city having the highest sex disparity in comparison to other cities in Guangdong.[2] Shenzhen also has a high birth rate compared to other Chinese cities with 21.7 babies for every 10,000 of its 13.44 million population in 2019.[7] Based on the population of its total administrative area, Shenzhen is the fifth most populous city proper in China.[8] Shenzhen is part of the Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region (covering cities such as Guangzhou, Dongguan, Foshan, Zhongshan, Zhuhai, Huizhou, Hong Kong, and Macau), the world's largest urban area according to the World Bank,[9] and has a population of 78 million according to the 2020 Census.[2]
Before Shenzhen's establishment as a SEZ in 1980, the area was composed mainly of Hakka and Cantonese people.[10] When the SEZ was established, the city attracted migrants from all around Guangdong, including Hakka, Cantonese, and Teochew, as well as migrants from Southern and Central Chinese provinces such as Hunan, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan, and Henan.[11] Most of these migrants live in urban villages called chengzhongcun (城中村; 'village in the city') such as Baishizhou in the Nanshan District.[12] Shenzhen also has a notable Korean minority based in the Nanshan District and the Futian District, with migrants moving to Shenzhen to work for South Korean companies that had branched out in the city when China has opened up.[13][14]
Due to Shenzhen's population overshooting the 14.8 million population target for 2016 to 2020, the Shenzhen justice bureau on 25 May 2021 had announced it would make it harder to earn a hukou to live in the city.[3] In regards to the registered population (hukou), Shenzhen has seen an increase of 2.178 million or 58.9% of registered residents in the city from 2015 to 2020.[11] In regards to permanent population, the city has seen an increase of 7,136,088 or 68.46% of permanent residents in the city from 2010 to 2020, creating an average annual growth rate of 5.35%.[4]
^ 3-2 户数、人口、出生、死亡及自然增长. Shenzhen Statistical Yearbook 2020 [Households, Population, Birth, Death and Natural Growth] (PDF) (in Chinese and English). p. 55. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-07-27. - Web version Archived 2021-12-22 at the Wayback Machine - See column "年末常住人 口数 (万人) Year-end Permanent Population (10 000 persons)". The original source expresses figures in ten thousands. Here the numbers are converted to the ordinary format.
^ abcd"City population stands at 17.56 million_Latest News-Shenzhen Government Online". www.sz.gov.cn. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
^ ab"China's Shenzhen to tighten residency rules to curb population boom". www.msn.com. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
^"Shenzhen". U.S. Commercial Service. 2007. Archived from the original on 12 April 2015. Retrieved 28 February 2008.
^"Shenzhen shows challenge of reversing China's demographic decline despite high birth rate". The Straits Times. 2021-05-10. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
^2017年深圳经济有质量稳定发展 [In 2017, Shenzhen economy will have stable quality and development] (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 23 February 2018. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
^Mead, Nick Van (2015-01-28). "China's Pearl River Delta overtakes Tokyo as world's largest megacity". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-08-21.
^深圳客家文化的历史追问. 深圳新闻网. 2003-06-22. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
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