Cycas is a genus of cycad, and the only genus in the family Cycadaceae with all other genera of cycad being divided between the Stangeriaceae and Zamiaceae families. Cycas circinalis, a species endemic to India, was the first cycad species to be described in western literature, and is the type species of the genus.[4][5]
As of April 2024, there are 119 accepted species within the genus Cycas, all of which are native to Asia, Oceania, and eastern Africa and the Indian ocean region, with the largest number of species native to Australia, China and Vietnam.[6][7][8]
In horticulture, the most widely grown and perhaps best-known Cycas species is Cycas revoluta, which is commercially grown in large numbers for sale as houseplants or to be used in landscaping.[8][9][10]
As with other cycads in general, Cycas species may be popularly called 'living fossils', representing the surviving decedents of an ancient lineage of seed baring plants that were known to exist in the dinosaur era. Despite their ancient roots, the majority of Cycas species are highly endangered. Many are threatened by the illegal trade of wild collected plants for plant collectors, and through the conversion of land for urban development or agricultural use.[8]
^ abcHill, Ken; Leonie Stanberg; Dennis Stevenson. "The Cycad Pages". Genus Cycas. Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. Archived from the original on 2021-03-01. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
^Kramer, K.U.; Green, P.S., eds. (1990). Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms(PDF). The families and genera of vascular plants. Vol. 1. Assisted by E. Götz (illustrations). Berlin: Springer-Verlag. p. 370. ISBN 978-3-540-51794-8.
^Cite error: The named reference POWO was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Linnaeus, Carl (1753). Palmae Pennatifoliae. Cycas [Cycas circinalis protologue]. pp. Sp. Pl. 2 : 1188.
^Type Location(s): LT:t. 19, in Rheede, Hort. Malab, 3 (1682)
Cycas circinalis at The World List of Cycads (cycadlist.org)
^119 accepted species, with 6 infraspecific taxa, as of April 21, 2024.
^The World List of Cycads (WLoC), a comprehensive taxonomic reference for cycad taxonomy, nomenclature, biology, and literature. The WLoC is produced under the auspices of the IUCN/SSC Cycad Specialist Group (CSG). The online edition is hosted and sponsored by Montgomery Botanical Center.
Calonje M, Stevenson DW, Osborne R. The World List of Cycads, online edition [Internet]. 2013-2024. [cited 2024 Apr 21]. Available from: http://www.cycadlist.org.
^ abcDonaldson, J.S.; Dehgan, B.; Vovides, A.P.; Tang, W. (2003). "Cycads in trade and sustainable use of cycad populations" (PDF). Cycads status survey and conservation action plan. IUCN The World Conservation Union Gland, Switzerland.
In horticulture, the most widely grown and perhaps best-known Cycas species is Cycas revoluta, which is commercially grown in large numbers for sale...
Cycas revoluta (Sotetsu [Japanese ソテツ], sago palm, king sago, sago cycad, Japanese sago palm) is a species of gymnosperm in the family Cycadaceae, native...
Cycas circinalis, also known as the queen sago, is a species of cycad known in the wild only from southern India. Cycas circinalis is the only gymnosperm...
Cycas rumphii, commonly known as queen sago or the queen sago palm, is a dioecious gymnosperm, a species of cycad in the genus Cycas native to Indonesia...
30 May 2022. Rolt, Amber (31 January 2018). "Cycas Hospitality expands in Europe". Estates Gazette. "Cycas secures deal to manage Belgium's first Residence...
Australian genus Bowenia and some Asian species of Cycas, like Cycas multipinnata, Cycas micholitzii and Cycas debaoensis, have leaves that are bipinnate, which...
Cycas wadei (Wade's pitogo) is a species of cycad endemic to Culion island, Philippines. There is only one subpopulation of about 5,000 mature individuals...
Cycas zeylanica, common name (in Sri Lanka) maha-madu is a plant apparently at present endemic to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It was formerly also...
making small cakes or gruels. Cycas circinalis Cycas rumphii Agoo, E.M.G.; Madulid, D.A.; Linis, V.C.; Sambale, E. (2010). "Cycas riuminiana". IUCN Red List...
3.5 cm long). Cycas panzhihuaensis L. Zhou & S. Y. Yang in L. Zhou et al., Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19: 335. 1981. Hill, K.D. (2010). "Cycas panzhihuaensis"...
Cycas zambalensis is a species of cycad endemic to Luzon, Philippines. There are two subpopulations of Cycas zambalensis, which are found in: Barangay...
mycorrhiza, fungal associations with roots (Pinus), while in some others (Cycas) small specialised roots called coralloid roots are associated with nitrogen-fixing...
Cycas pruinosa is a small to medium species of cycad, a palm-like seed plant. It is a widespread but sporadic species in the eastern and southern Kimberley...
Cycas pectinata was the fourth species of Cycas to be named; it was described in 1826 by Scottish surgeon and botanist Francis Buchanan-Hamilton from...
Cycas bougainvilleana is a species of cycad in the genus Cycas, native to the islands northeast of Papua New Guinea, on New Britain, the Bismarck Archipelago...
nut or fadang in Chamorro. The species, previously lumped with Cycas rumphii and Cycas circinalis, was described in 1994 by Ken Hill. Paleoecological...
to Southeast Asia Cycads Cycas revoluta, (king sago palm), native to Japan and widely cultivated as an ornamental plant Cycas rumphii, (queen sago palm)...
Karnataka and is known for its branching habit. A species Cycas swamyi also considered as a variety of Cycas circinalis is considered as a synonym of this species...
Cycas cairnsiana is a species of cycad in the genus Cycas, native to northern Australia in northern Queensland on the Newcastle Range. The stems grow...
Cycas cupida is a species of cycad native to Queensland. Forster, P. (2010). "Cycas cupida". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T178881A7634086...
Cycas fugax is a species of cycad endemic to Vietnam. It has only been recorded in the wild from Phu Tho Province, Vietnam, but may be reasonably common...
Cycas clivicola is a species of cycad in Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Malaysia (including Perlis State Park). It is found on limestone outcrops, as...
Cycas tansachana is a species of cycad in Thailand. They are located to the northeast of Khong Khi Sua in Kaeng Khoi District, Saraburi Province, central...
locations at elevations of 700–1000 m. It is closely related to Cycas multipinnata. Cycas debaoensis has a trunk that shows up to 70 cm above ground. Leaves...
Cycas siamensis is a species of cycad native to Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. Cycas baguanheensis L.K.Fu & S.Z.Cheng Cycas immersa Craib Cycas intermedia...
Cycas aculeata is a species of cycad in the genus Cycas, native to Vietnam, where it is endemic to a single site on the south slopes of the Hai Van Pass...
Cycas taiwaniana is a species of plant in the genus Cycas. The species is native to Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian in China. Although the specific...
Cycas armstrongii is a species of cycad in the genus Cycas, endemic to the Northern Territory of Australia. It is found from Darwin to the Mary River,...
Cycas beddomei is a species of cycad in the genus Cycas, native to India, where it is confined to a small area of Andhra Pradesh state in the Tirumala...
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