Learned response to drug-related stimuli in addiction
Cue reactivity is a type of learned response which is observed in individuals with an addiction and involves significant physiological and psychological reactions to presentations of drug-related stimuli (i.e., drug cues). [1][2] The central tenet of cue reactivity is that cues previously predicting receipt of drug reward under certain conditions can evoke stimulus associated responses such as urges to use drugs. [3] In other words, learned cues can signal drug reward, in that cues previously associated with drug use can elicit cue-reactivity such as arousal, anticipation, and changes in behavioral motivation. [4][3] Responses to a drug cue can be physiological (e.g., sweating, salivation, brain activity), behavioral (e.g., drug seeking), or symbolic expressive (e.g., craving). [3] The clinical utility of cue reactivity is based on the conceptualization that drug cues elicit craving which is a critical factor in the maintenance and relapse to drug use.[5][6] Additionally, cue reactivity allows for the development of testable hypotheses grounded in established theories of human behavior.[4] Therefore, researchers have leveraged the cue reactivity paradigm to study addiction, antecedents of relapse, craving, translate pre-clinical findings to clinical samples, and contribute to the development of new treatment methods. [4] Testing cue reactivity in human samples involves exposing individuals with a substance use disorder to drug-related cues (e.g., cigarettes, alcohol, drug paraphernalia) and drug neutral cues (e.g., pencils, glasses of water), and then measuring their reactions by assessing changes in self-reported drug craving and physiological responses (e.g., blood pressure, salvation, brain activity). [4][7]
^Carter, Brian; Robinson, Jason; Lam, Cho; Wetter, David; Tsan, Jack; Day, Susan; Cinciripini, Paul (2006-06-01). "A psychometric evaluation of cigarette stimuli used in a cue reactivity study". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 8 (3): 361–369. doi:10.1080/14622200600670215. ISSN 1462-2203. PMID 16801294.
^Rose, Abigail K.; Field, Matt; Franken, Ingmar H.A.; Munafò, Marcus (2013), "Cue Reactivity", Principles of Addiction, Elsevier, pp. 413–423, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-398336-7.00043-7, ISBN 978-0-12-398336-7, retrieved 2023-11-26
^ abcHill-Bowen, Lauren D.; Riedel, Michael C.; Poudel, Ranjita; Salo, Taylor; Flannery, Jessica S.; Camilleri, Julia A.; Eickhoff, Simon B.; Laird, Angela R.; Sutherland, Matthew T. (November 2021). "The cue-reactivity paradigm: An ensemble of networks driving attention and cognition when viewing drug and natural reward-related stimuli". Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. 130: 201–213. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.010. PMC 8511211. PMID 34400176.
^ abcdDrummond, D. Colin (August 2000). "What does cue-reactivity have to offer clinical research?". Addiction. 95 (8s2): 129–144. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.95.8s2.2.x. ISSN 0965-2140.
^O’Brien, Charles P. (August 2005). "Anticraving Medications for Relapse Prevention: A Possible New Class of Psychoactive Medications". American Journal of Psychiatry. 162 (8): 1423–1431. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1423. ISSN 0002-953X. PMID 16055763.
^Reynolds, Elizabeth K.; Monti, Peter M. (2013-02-15), MacKillop, James; de Wit, Harriet (eds.), "The Cue Reactivity Paradigm in Addiction Research", The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Addiction Psychopharmacology (1 ed.), Wiley, pp. 381–410, doi:10.1002/9781118384404.ch14, ISBN 978-1-119-97826-8
^Moshfegh, Sara. "Neural Cue-reactivity on Tobacco Use Disorder: Modulating Factors". Doctoral dissertation, Universität Zürich.
Cuereactivity is a type of learned response which is observed in individuals with an addiction and involves significant physiological and psychological...
Reality CueReactivity (VRCR) is a computer-enhanced methodology used to assess behavioral and physiological reactivity to drug and alcohol sensory cues. Studies...
2023). Trakada G (ed.). "What Is Food Noise? A Conceptual Model of Food CueReactivity". Nutrients. 15 (22): 4809. doi:10.3390/nu15224809. PMC 10674813. PMID 38004203...
phenomenological, conditioning (operant and classical), cognitive models, and the cuereactivity model. However, no one model completely illustrates substance abuse...
suvorexant for people with cocaine dependence. They plan to measure cuereactivity, anxiety and stress. In 2022, the European Medicines Agency authorized...
ISBN 978-90-8686-212-2. Jansen A (March 1998). "A learning model of binge eating: cuereactivity and cue exposure". Behaviour Research and Therapy. 36 (3): 257–72. doi:10...
Chae, Younbyoung (2012). "Individual differences in smoking-related cuereactivity in smokers: An eye-tracking and fMRI study". Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology...
supported in that higher FCQ-T scores are predictive of stronger food-cuereactivity (e.g., larger increases in current food craving when exposed to tempting...
employing coping actions, all of which is driven by heightened emotional reactivity, both positive and negative". A human with a particularly high measure...
ketones, proceeds by the free radical iodination. Because of its extreme reactivity, fluorine (F2) represents a special category with respect to halogenation...
axon regeneration inhibition, owing to the redundancy between migration cues across cell types. Changes resulting from astrogliosis are regulated in a...
extraversion are unrelated to pleasant affective-reactivity: Further examination of the affective-reactivity hypothesis". Journal of Research in Personality...
desired goal-directed behavior in response to a particular future event or cue. The concept of implementation intentions originated from research on goal...
pressure and a condition of sensory alertness, desire, mobility, and reactivity. Arousal is mediated by several neural systems. Wakefulness is regulated...
observed differences in emotional reactivity between genders. Some research posits that higher emotional reactivity in women is linked to greater sexual...
of less than 25% of the volatile breakdown products of DMSP, the high reactivity of methanethiol makes the steady-state DMS concentrations in seawater...
aggressive behavior displayed by dogs. According to Arata and colleagues, reactivity to stimuli is involved in various types of aggression. The researchers...
psychological processes, including fear, social bonding, and emotional reactivity. Psychological research in the mid-twentieth century began to increasingly...
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