The criterion of contextual credibility,[1] also variously called the criterion of Semitisms and Palestinian background[2] or the criterion of Semitic language phenomena and Palestinian environment,[3] is a tool used by Biblical scholars to help determine whether certain actions or sayings by Jesus in the New Testament are from the Historical Jesus. Simply put, if a tradition about Jesus does not fit the linguistic, cultural, historical and social environment of Jewish Aramaic-speaking 1st-century Palestine, it is probably not authentic. The linguistic and the environmental criteria are treated separately by some scholars, but taken together by others.[4]
The criterion emerged as separate but interrelated criteria: the 'criterion of Semitic language phenomena' (first introduced in 1925 by C. F. Burney),[5][6] followed by and linked to the 'criterion of Palestinian environment' by scholars such as Joachim Jeremias (1947),[7] in the period between the so-called 'first' and 'second' quest for the historical Jesus (1906–1953).[5]
^Ehrman 1999, pp. 94–95.
^DeMoss, Matthew S. (2010). Pocket Dictionary for the Study of New Testament Greek. InterVarsity Press. p. 39. ISBN 9780830867110. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
^Porter 2004, p. 82.
^Porter 2004, p. 90.
^ abPorter 2004, p. 102.
^Cite error: The named reference Porter Gospels was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Porter 2004, p. 89.
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