The cotylae are also features on the proximal end of the radius and of the ulna in birds.
Attic cotyla cup with an owl (5th century BC), National Museum, in Warsaw
In classical antiquity, the cotyla or cotyle (from Ancient Greek κοτύλη (kotúlē), 'cup, bowl') was a measure of capacity among the Greeks and Romans: by the latter it was also called hemina; by the former, τρυβλίον and ἡμίνα or ἡμίμνα. It was the half of the sextarius[1] or ξέστης, and contained six cyathi, or nearly half a pint English.[2]
This measure was used by physicians with a graduated scale marked on it for measuring out given weights of fluids, especially oil. A vessel or horn, of a cubic or cylindrical shape, and of the capacity of a cotyla, was divided into twelve equal parts by lines cut on its side. The whole vessel was called litra, and each of the parts an ounce (uncia). This measure held nine ounces (by weight) of oil, so that the ratio of the weight of the oil to the number of ounces it occupied in the measure would be 9:12 or 3:4.[2]
Nicolas Chorier (1612–1692) observes that the cotyla was used as a dry measure as well as a liquid one, from the authority of Thucydides, who in one place mentions two cotylae of wine, and in another two cotylae of bread.[3]
The name is also given to a type of ancient Greek vase broadly similar in shape to a skyphos but more closely resembling a kantharos.
^From the Carmen de ponderibus et mensuris we have the following:
At cotylas, quas si placeat dixisse licebit
Eminas, recipit geminas sextarius unus
^ ab This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Co'tyla". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. London: John Murray. p. 367.
^ This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chambers, Ephraim, ed. (1728). Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences (1st ed.). James and John Knapton, et al. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
end of the radius and of the ulna in birds. In classical antiquity, the cotyla or cotyle (from Ancient Greek κοτύλη (kotúlē), 'cup, bowl') was a measure...
common unit in both measures throughout historic Greece was the cotyle or cotyla whose absolute value varied from one place to another between 210 ml and...
stacked firewood with the symbol cd-ft equal to 16 cu ft (0.45 m3): 52 Cotyla Cran Cullishigay Deal – a former U.K. and U.S. unit of volume for stacked...
are almost oval and deeply concave. The lateral cotyla on the outer side is smaller than the medial cotyla on the inner side, and is slightly below it. The...
30 fl oz quartarius 1⁄24 congius 136 mL 4.79 fl oz 4.61 fl oz hemina or cotyla 1⁄12 congius 273 mL 9.61 fl oz 9.23 fl oz sextarius 1⁄6 congius 546 mL 19...
Museum. Comparable forms of a handled drinking cup on a base included: Cotyla, a more generic term for any cup. Kantharos Komast cup Kylix The word "skyphos"...
a greater curvature to its shaft, while both the external and internal cotyla are wider in proximal view. The distal tendinal groove runs almost perpendicular...
reinforcements from Antiochus to hold his position, Ptolemy then fled to Zeno Cotylas, the tyrant of Philadelphia (now Amman, Jordan). In the first century BC...
(Theotokos). Martyrdom of St. Cyprian & St. Justina. 22 19 2 Martyrdom of Saints Cotylas (Kobtlas), his sister Axoua, and his friend Tatas Martyrdom of St. Julius...
surangular and prearticular bones. The mandible extended hindwards beyond the cotyla (which connected with the condyle of the upper jaw), and this part was therefore...
the convex end, the condyle, fits into the concave end, the cotyle (also: cotyla). This configuration allows for greater stability without restricting mobility...
distinguished from R. regulus by a thicker base, a longer olecranon, a larger cotyla dorsalis, and smaller quill knobs (papillae remigales caudales). Compared...
supratendinal bridge of the tibiotarsus a large prominence is present. Large cotyla can be seen on the tarsometatarsus and the groove that receives the musculus...
generally being taller and more slender compared to its relative. The lateral cotyla is posterolaterally shorter and the hypotarsus does not expand as far laterally...
Edwards, 1940 c g Neoempheria costaricensis Coher, 1959 c g Neoempheria cotyla Sasakawa, 2005 c g Neoempheria cuneata g Neoempheria cyphia Wu & Yang, 1995...
missing entirely in modern flamingos. The medial and lateral sides of the cotyla scapularis are not sharply differentiated and the foramen for the supracoracoid...
Coptic season of Akhet, the season of inundation. The martyrdom of Saint Cotylas, Saint Axoua his sister, and Saint Tatas his friend The martyrdom of Saint...
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Co'tyla". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. London: John Murray. p. 367.
