1846–1847 U.S. invasion of Alta California during the Mexican–American War
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Conquest of California
Part of the Mexican–American War
Top: Battle of Río San Gabriel Bottom: Battle of San Pasqual
Date
15 June 1846 – 13 January 1847 (6 months, 4 weeks and 2 days)
Location
Northern Theatre: San Francisco North Bay Area, Monterey Bay, Santa Clara Valley, Salinas Valley
Southern Theatre: San Diego Bay, Los Angeles Basin, Pomona Valley, Santa Barbara, San Pasqual Valley
Result
American victory Treaty of Cahuenga
Full results
American Military Government Installed in Alta California
Californio Loss of Power and Influence in California
Beginning of the California genocide
Major American Migration to the West
Displacement of Mexican Calfornios & Native Americans
Constitution of California, 1849
Eventual Californian statehood
Territorial changes
Mexican Cession (1848)
Belligerents
United States
California Republic
Mexico
Commanders and leaders
John C. Frémont Robert F. Stockton Stephen W. Kearny William B. Ide Ezekiel Merritt Henry L. Ford John D. Sloat John B. Montgomery Archibald Gillespie Benjamin Wilson William Mervine Charles Burroughs James F. Reed
José Castro José María Flores Andrés Pico Mariano Vallejo Pío Pico Joaquín de la Torre Mariano Silva José de Jesús Noé Serbulo Varela José del C. Lugo José Antonio Carrillo Manuel Castro Francisco Sánchez
Units involved
Units
California Republic Bear Flag Rebels
United States California Battalion
Army of the West
Naval units Pacific Squadron
Occupation units Mormon Battalion 7th Regiment of New York Volunteers
Units
Mexico Castro Battalion
P. Pico Battalion
Flores Battalion
Local Town Militias
Cavalry units A. Pico Lanceros Lugo Lanceros Carrillo Lanceros
Strength
USA
Initial strength:
30-300 militia
Horses and Mules
Native American Scouts
Peak strength:
2,000+ personnel (1847)
Mexico
Initial strength:
260-500 militiamen
1 swivel Canon
Horses and Mules
Peak strength:
500 personnel (Jan. 1847)
Casualties and losses
California Republic:
1-2 killed
3-7 wounded
2 captured or missing
United States:
~35-40 killed
~53-64 wounded
25 captured or missing
Mexico:
~11-14 killed
~40-60 wounded
2-3 captured or missing
v
t
e
Conquest of California
Bear Flag Revolt
Olómpali
Monterey
Yerba Buena
San Diego
Santa Barbara
Los Angeles
Chino
Rancho Domínguez
Natividad
San Pasqual
Santa Clara
Río San Gabriel
La Mesa
Treaty of Cahuenga
v
t
e
Battles of the Mexican–American War
Texas Campaign
Thornton Affair
Fort Texas
Palo Alto
Resaca de la Palma
California Campaign
Monterey
Los Angeles
Chino
Dominguez Rancho
Natividad
San Pasqual
Rio San Gabriel
La Mesa
New Mexico Campaign
Santa Fe
Tucson
El Brazito
Cañada
1st Mora
Embudo Pass
2nd Mora
Pueblo de Taos
Red River Canyon
Cienega Creek
Northern Mexican Theater
Monterrey
Buena Vista
Sacramento River
Santa Cruz de Rosales
Mexico City Campaign
1st Veracruz
Polkos
2nd Veracruz
Cerro Gordo
Contreras
Churubusco
Molino del Rey
Chapultepec
Mexico City
Puebla
Huamantla
Atlixco
Matamoros
Galaxara Pass
Zacualtipan
Pacific Coast Campaign
Guaymas
Mulegé
Punta Sombrero
1st La Paz
2nd La Paz
1st San Jose del Cabo
2nd San Jose del Cabo
Todos Santos
Mosquito Fleet
1st Tuxpan
2nd Tuxpan
3rd Tuxpan
1st Tabasco
2nd Tabasco
The Conquest of California, also known as the Conquest of Alta California or the California Campaign, was an important military campaign of the Mexican–American War carried out by the United States in Alta California (modern-day California), then a part of Mexico. The conquest lasted from 1846 into 1847, until military leaders from both the Californios and Americans signed the Treaty of Cahuenga, which ended the conflict in California.
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