1979 (as International Association for Cultural Freedom)
Location
Paris, France
Origins
Central Intelligence Agency
Area served
Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, Latin America, Australia
Method
conferences, journals, seminars
Key people
Melvin J. Lasky, Nikolai Nabokov, Michael Josselson
Endowment
CIA to 1966; Ford Foundation to 1979
The Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF) was an anti-communist cultural organization founded on June 26, 1950 in West Berlin, and was supported by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). At its height, the CCF was active in thirty-five countries. In 1966 it was revealed that the CIA was instrumental in the establishment and funding of the group.[1][2] The congress aimed to enlist intellectuals and opinion makers in a war of ideas against communism.
Historian Frances Stonor Saunders writes (1999): "Whether they liked it or not, whether they knew it or not, there were few writers, poets, artists, historians, scientists, or critics in postwar Europe whose names were not in some way linked to this covert enterprise."[3] Peter Coleman argues that the CCF was a participant in a struggle for the mind "of Postwar Europe" and the world at large.[4]
^Frances Stonor Saunders, "Modern Art was CIA 'weapon'", The Independent, October 22, 1995.
^Scionti, Andrea (2020-02-01). ""I Am Afraid Americans Cannot Understand": The Congress for Cultural Freedom in France and Italy, 1950–1957". Journal of Cold War Studies. 22 (1): 89–124. doi:10.1162/jcws_a_00927. ISSN 1520-3972. S2CID 211147094.
^Cite error: The named reference sanders was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Peter Coleman, The Liberal Conspiracy: The Congress for Cultural Freedom and the Struggle for Mind of Postwar Europe, The Free Press: New York, 1989.
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