Global InformationConfederate Arizona information
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2013) |
| Arizona Territory | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Organized incorporated territory of the Confederate States | |||||||||||
| 1861–1865 | |||||||||||
 Flag of the Confederate States (1861–1863) | |||||||||||
 Map of the Confederate States with Arizona Territory highlighted | |||||||||||
| Capital |
| ||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||
| • Coordinates | 32°16′N 106°42′W / 32.267°N 106.700°W | ||||||||||
| Government | |||||||||||
| • Type | Organized incorporated territory | ||||||||||
| Governor | |||||||||||
• 1861–1862 | Col. John R. Baylor | ||||||||||
• 1862–1865 | Dr. Lewis S. Owings (in exile) | ||||||||||
| Legislature | Arizona Territorial Legislature | ||||||||||
| Historical era | American Civil War | ||||||||||
• Ordinance of Secession | March 28, 1861 | ||||||||||
• Col. Baylor's Proclamation[a] | August 1, 1861 | ||||||||||
• Organized by Confederacy | January 18, 1862[1] | ||||||||||
• Occupied by U.S. | July 8, 1862[2] | ||||||||||
• Surrender of C.S. Trans-Mississippi Department | May 26, 1865 | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
| Today part of | United States
| ||||||||||
 |
|
Confederate States in the American Civil War |
|---|
|
| Dual governments |
|
| Territory |
|
|
Allied tribes in Indian Territory |
|
Arizona Territory, colloquially referred to as Confederate Arizona, was an organized incorporated territory of the Confederate States of America that existed from August 1, 1861, to May 26, 1865, when the Confederate States Army Trans-Mississippi Department, commanded by General Edmund Kirby Smith, surrendered at Shreveport, Louisiana. However, after the Battle of Glorieta Pass, the Confederates had to retreat from the territory, and by July 1862, effective Confederate control of the territory had ended. Delegates to the secession convention had voted in March 1861 to secede from the New Mexico Territory and the Union, and seek to join the Confederacy. It consisted of the portion of the New Mexico Territory south of the 34th parallel, including parts of the modern states of New Mexico and Arizona. The capital was Mesilla, along the southern border. The breakaway region overlapped Arizona Territory, established by the Union government in February 1863.
Arizona was proclaimed a Confederate territory on August 1, 1861, after Colonel John R. Baylor's victory at the Battle of Mesilla. His hold on the area was broken after Glorieta Pass (March 26–28, 1862), the defining battle of the New Mexico Campaign. In July 1862, the Confederate territorial government withdrew to El Paso, Texas. With the approach of Union troops, it relocated to San Antonio, where it remained for the duration of the civil war. The territory continued to be represented in the Confederate States Congress, and Confederate troops continued to fight under the Arizona banner until the war ended.
The political geography of the two Arizona Territories differed in that the Confederate Arizona was approximately the southern half of the historic New Mexico Territory, while the Union-defined Arizona Territory was approximately the western half of what had been New Mexico Territory, which became the basis for present-day Arizona.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ United States. Cong. Senate (1904) [1st pub. Confederate States. Cong.: 1861–1862]. Journal of the Congress of the Confederate States of America, 1861–1865. Volume I. 58th Cong. 2d sess. S. Doc. 234. Washington: Government Printing Office. p. 691. LCCN 05012700 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ United States. War Dept. (1883). The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. Series 1 – Volume 9. Washington: Government Printing Office. p. 722 – via Cornell University Library.