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Colony of New Zealand information


Colony of New Zealand
1841–1907
Flag of New Zealand
Top: Flag of New Zealand (since 1902)
Bottom: Flag of the United Kingdom (until 1902)
Royal coat of arms of New Zealand
Royal coat of arms
Anthem: "God Save the Queen/King"
StatusBritish colony
CapitalOkiato (1841)
Auckland
(1841–1865)
Wellington
(since 1865)
Common languagesEnglish, Māori (de facto)
Demonym(s)New Zealander
GovernmentCrown colony (1841–1852)
Self-governing colony (1852–1907)
British monarch 
• 1841–1901
Victoria
• 1901–1907
Edward VII
Governor 
• 1841–1842
William Hobson (first)
• 1904–1907
William Plunket (last of colony)
Premier 
• 1856
Henry Sewell (first)
• 1906–1907
Joseph Ward (last of colony)
LegislatureGeneral Assembly1
• Upper chamber
Legislative Council
• Lower chamber
House of Representatives
History 
• Separation from the Colony of New South Wales
3 May 1841[1]
• New Zealand Constitution Act 1846
28 August 1846
• New Zealand Constitution Act 1852
30 June 1852
• Declared as Dominion
26 September 1907
Population
• 1901 census
772,719
CurrencyNew Zealand pound
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Colony of New Zealand Colony of New South Wales
Colony of New Zealand United Tribes of New Zealand
Dominion of New Zealand Colony of New Zealand
1. The General Assembly first sat in 1854, under the provisions of the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852.

The Colony of New Zealand was a colony of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland that encompassed the islands of New Zealand from 1841 to 1907. The power of the British Government was vested in the governor of New Zealand. The colony had three successive capitals: Okiato (or Old Russell) in 1841; Auckland from 1841 to 1865; and Wellington from 1865, which continues as the capital of New Zealand today.

Created as a Crown colony, during the early years of British settlement the governor had wide-ranging powers. The colony was granted self-government with the passage of the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852. The first parliament was elected in 1853, and responsible government was established in 1856. The governor was required to act on the advice of his ministers, who were responsible to the parliament. In 1907, the colony became the Dominion of New Zealand, which heralded a more explicit recognition of self-government within the British Empire.

  1. ^ Moon 2010, p. 66.

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