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The English language terminology used in the classification of swords is imprecise and has varied widely over time. There is no historical dictionary for the universal names, classification, or terminology of swords; a sword was simply a single-edged or double-edged knife.
Historical terms without a universal consensus of definition (i.e. "arming sword", "broadsword", "long sword", etc.) were used to label weapons of similar appearance but of different historical periods, regional cultures, and fabrication technology. These terms were often described in relation to other unrelated weapons, without regard to their intended use and fighting style. In modern history, many of these terms have been given specific, often arbitrary meanings that are unrelated to any of their historical meanings.
^"Hand-and-a-Half Sword". Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
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A Japanese sword (Japanese: 日本刀, Hepburn: nihontō) is one of several types of traditionally made swords from Japan. Bronze swords were made as early as...
the territory of the Roman Empire during the 1st to 6th centuries AD. Later swords, from the 7th to 10th centuries, like the Viking swords, are recognizable...
African nimcha, and the Turkish kilij. All such swords are originally derived from earlier curved swords developed in Turkic Central Asia (Turkestan). The...
is a way to define and catalogue the medieval sword based on physical form. It categorises the swordsof the European Middle Ages (roughly 11th to 16th...
Kotō (old swords from around 900–1596) Shintō (new swords 1596–1780) Shinshintō (newer swords 1781–1876) Gendaitō (modern or contemporary swords 1876–present)...
to stray finds in riverbeds. Swordsof the 8th to 10th centuries are also termed "Carolingian swords", while swordsof the late Viking Age and the beginning...
15th centuries), late forms of these swords continued to be used, but often as a sidearm, at that point called "arming swords" and contrasting with the...
shorter than 60 cm are variously categorized as short swords or daggers. Before about 1400 BC swords remained mostly limited to the Aegean and southeastern...
to provide classification terminology for archaeological finds of single-edged arms, as well as visual depictions in art. It includes swords which are...
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This is a list of notable individual swords, known either from historical record or from surviving artifacts. These swords do not survive as artifacts...
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(28–43 in) in length. However, longer swords have been found on occasion. Outside of Ancient China, Chinese swords were also used in Ancient Japan from...
18th centuries were constructed as gun-swords, with the barrel of the pistol attached to the side of the blade of a shortsword or dagger. A shell guard...
The production of the Arab sword has four distinct periods: Pre-Islamic (ancient swords before the 7th century), Early Islamic (old swords 7th to 8th centuries)...
Officers' Sword, which is still used by the United States Army on ceremonial occasions. As the wearing ofswords fell out of fashion and the small sword evolved...
widespread before the 8th century BC. Early Iron Age swords were significantly different from later steel swords. They were work-hardened, rather than quench-hardened...