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Clara Winnicki information


Clara Winnicki (1880-1941)

Clara Winnicki[a] (10 November 1880 – 6. May 1941[1]) became Switzerland's first qualified female pharmacist in 1905, and went on to open and operate a succession of pharmacies. Commercial success eluded her, however. By 2018 the profession had become highly feminised: more than two thirds of Switzerland's qualified pharmacists were female; but there are indications that during the early decades of the twentieth century her gender placed Clara Winnicki at a professional disadvantage. In 1925 she married a Swiss-based German pharmacist who was not permitted to practice his profession in Switzerland. As a result of marrying a foreign man Clara Winnicki lost her citizen's rights as a Swiss citizen. In 1933 the couple were expelled across the frontier into Germany, having been identified by the authorities as "foreigners without means of support".[2][3][4]


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  1. ^ Sterberegister Göttingen 1941: Herbrand, geb. Winnitzki, Klara Emma, luth. [...] 6.5. [1941]
  2. ^ Franziska Rogger Kappeler [in German] (11 January 2015). "Clara Winnicki". Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS), Bern. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  3. ^ Esther Diener-Morsche (20 April 2022). "... Eine Apothekerin wird geehrt". Das Inselspital ehrt fünf Pionierinnen mit Gebäudenamen ... Signal für Gleichberechtigung: Fünf Gebäude auf dem Insel-Areal erhalten Namen von Frauen. Darunter sind die Spitalgründerin, eine Pionierin der Chirurgie und eine Spenderin von Wein... Tamedia Espace AG ("Der Bund"), Bern. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  4. ^ Pharmasuisse (31 August 2018). "PharmaSuisse". Vor 175 Jahren gegründet: Der Schweizerische Apothekerverband. 99 (44). EMH Schweizerischer Ärzteverlag AG (Schweizerische Ärztezeitung), Muttenz: 1542. doi:10.4414/saez.2018.17301. Retrieved 27 April 2022.

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