18th-century plan of the Citadel (published in Arxiu Històric de la Ciutat de Barcelona)
The Citadel of Barcelona (in Spanish, Ciudadela de Barcelona; in Catalan, Fortalesa de la Ciutadella) was a bastion fort citadel built in Barcelona. The works commenced in 1714 and, at the time of its construction, it was the largest fortress in Europe, capable of housing 8,000 troops.[1]
It was designed by the military engineer Marquis of Verboom, who would also, in 1718, be appointed the Citadel's first governor.[2]
Although its fortifications were dismantled in the mid-19th century, some of its original buildings still remain, including its arsenal, today the Palau del Parlament de Catalunya, the seat of the Catalan Parliament. The rest of the site was converted into the city's main central park, the Parc de la Ciutadella, by the architect Josep Fontserè in 1872.
The Arsenal of the fortress of Ciutadella in Barcelona, in 1725. Drawing by Diego Butler, cadet of the Regiment of Hibernia (Archives of the Ministry of Culture, Spain)
^Vargas, Michael (2018). Constructing Catalan Identity. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 88–90. ISBN 978-3-319-76744-4.
^(in Spanish). Cantera Montenegro, Jesús. "Jorge Próspero Verboom". Diccionario Biográfico electrónico. Real Academia de la Historia. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
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