A circulation issue[1] or circulation coin,[2] sometimes called a business strike (US), is a coin minted and issued for commerce as opposed to those made as commemorative coins and proof coins. Circulation issue coins are normally produced in relatively large numbers, and are primarily meant to be used as pocket change, not collected. But after their withdrawal from circulation, these coins are highly valued by collectors, especially coins of high quality and without traces of use in trade. Preserved circulation coins are one of the primary sources by which scientists reconstruct the culture, history, and society of the time in which they were used.
Even though special collector coins, such as proof coinage, are produced in smaller numbers, the circulation issue coins are sometimes more valuable in high grade than their proof counterparts. This is because whereas proof coins are almost always carefully preserved by their owners, circulation issue usually are not.
^Coins of England and Great Britain at coins-of-the-uk.co.uk. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
^_ (1988). The American Coin Redesign Act, Volume 4, by United States Congress Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.
A circulationissue or circulation coin, sometimes called a business strike (US), is a coin minted and issued for commerce as opposed to those made as...
usually called print run. Circulation is not always the same as copies sold, often called paid circulation, since some issues are distributed without cost...
of the magazines in the world by circulation is based upon the number of copies distributed, on average, for each issue. The following are lists of magazines...
public. Seigniorage is the positive return, or carry, on issued notes and coins (money in circulation). Demurrage, the opposite, is the cost of holding currency...
countries also issue commemorative coins for regular circulation. Commemorative coins can be seen as being of one of three types: Regular issue coinage are...
dependencies and on some of those issued by overseas territories. The wide variety of sterling notes in circulation means that acceptance of different...
The pulmonary circulation is a division of the circulatory system in all vertebrates. The circuit begins with deoxygenated blood returned from the body...
commemorative circulationissues were struck of the 50 stotinkas coin. In 2018, a commemorative circulationissue of the 2 leva coin was issued. These coins...
on a per-issue basis or by subscription, where an annual fee or monthly price is paid and issues are sent by post to readers. Paid circulation allows for...
statement of ownership in the December 2009 issue says the paid circulation was 202,000 copies. In 2014, the circulation was reported as 149,088. In August 2008...
Cerebral circulation is the movement of blood through a network of cerebral arteries and veins supplying the brain. The rate of cerebral blood flow in...
Library circulation or library lending comprises the activities around the lending of library books and other material to users of a lending library....
scale. Strike designations include Prooflike and Deep Prooflike for circulationissue coins and Cameo and Ultra Cameo for Proof coins. Coins deemed high-end...
collectors items only, although some countries also issue commemorative coins for regular circulation. Historically, a considerable variety of coinage metals...
The Bank of England now issues notes, all in polymer, in four denominations – £5, £10, £20 and £50. The notes now in circulation all feature a portrait...
commemorative coin has different technical specifications than the circulationissue, which makes it impractical in daily use. Therefore, the Spanish flower...
copies. Strange Tales vol. 1 Circulation figures from annual statements, charted as per-issue average paid circulation by Miller, John Jackson, et al...
personal finance and addiction. Between 2007 and 2011, the circulation of The Big Issue declined from 167,000 to less than 125,000. Competition between...
France, the "livret de circulation" (booklet of circulation) and its variant the "carnet de circulation" (notebook of circulation) provided to those of...
"Renai Circulation" (Japanese: 恋愛サーキュレーション, Hepburn: Ren'ai Sākyurēshon, lit. "Love Circulation") is a song from the 2009 Japanese anime television series...
the time of the transaction, Cat Fancy print circulation stood at 155,000 copies per year. The first issue of Cat Fancy was published in 1965 by Leslie...
circulation of 300,000. Sunday newspaper sales also grew rapidly, with Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper being the first to sell one million copies an issue....
economics, the currency in circulation in a country is the value of currency or cash (banknotes and coins) that has ever been issued by the country’s monetary...
issue their own banknotes for general circulation in the region. Notes are also issued by the HKMA itself. In most countries of the world the issue of...
polishing of the dies. They can usually be distinguished from normal circulation coins by their sharper rims and design, as well as much smoother "fields"...
Global Information