The Cincinnati Radiation Experiments were a series of total and partial body irradiation tests performed on at least 90 patients with advanced cancer at the Cincinnati General Hospital, now University of Cincinnati Hospital, from 1960 to 1971. Led by radiologist Eugene L. Saenger, the experiments were funded in part by the Defense Atomic Support Agency within the Department of Defense to study how soldiers in nuclear war would be affected by large doses of radiation.[1][2] The experiments were conducted without patient consent in the first five years of the study and with disputed levels of consent thereafter.[3] The irradiated patients experienced nausea, vomiting, cognitive impairment, and death.[4] Twenty one patients died within one month.[5] The contract between the researchers and the DOD terminated in 1972 under pressure from Senator Edward Kennedy,[6] marking the end of major human irradiation experimentation in the U.S.[7] that began after World War II and continued throughout the Cold War Era.[8]
Although initially fading from public eye, the controversy resurfaced in 1993[9] and was soon investigated by President Bill Clinton's Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments.[10] In 1994, families of the patients filed a class-action lawsuit against the team of 15 researchers.[11] Five years later, the University of Cincinnati settled the case for over $4 million.[12]
^United States. Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments (1996). The Human Radiation Experiments. USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 239–240. ISBN 9780195107920.
^Stephens, Martha (2002). The Treatment: The Story of Those Who Died in the Cincinnati Radiation Tests. Durham and London: Duke University Press. pp. 3–14.
^Stephens, Martha (2002). The Treatment: The Story of Those Who Died in the Cincinnati Radiation Tests. Durham and London: Duke University Press. p. 10.
^Schneider, Keith (1994-04-11). "Cold War Radiation Test on Humans To Undergo a Congressional Review". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-04-30.
^Dicke, William (11 October 2007). "Eugene Saenger, Controversial Doctor, Dies at 90". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
^Stephens, Martha (2002). The Treatment: The Story of Those Who Died in the Cincinnati Radiation Tests. Durham and London: Duke University Press. pp. 12, 309.
^Leopold, Ellen (2009). Under the Radar: Cancer and the Cold War. Rutgers University Press. p. 98. ISBN 9780813544045.
^Moreno, Jonathan D. (2001). Undue Risk: Secret State Experiments on Humans. Psychology Press. pp. 9–10. ISBN 9780415928359.
^Cite error: The named reference :8 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference :9 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Hawk, Morris L. (1995). The "Kingdom of Ends": In Re Cincinnati Radiation Litigation and the Right to Bodily Integrity. Cas. W. Res. L. Rev. 977.
^Cite error: The named reference :10 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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