This article is about impedance in electrical circuits. For impedance of electromagnetic waves, see Wave impedance. For characteristic acoustic impedance, see Acoustic impedance.
A transmission line drawn as two black wires. At a distance x into the line, there is current phasor I(x) traveling through each wire, and there is a voltage difference phasor V(x) between the wires (bottom voltage minus top voltage). If is the characteristic impedance of the line, then for a wave moving rightward, or for a wave moving leftward.Schematic representation of a circuit where a source is coupled to a load with a transmission line having characteristic impedance
The characteristic impedance or surge impedance (usually written Z0) of a uniform transmission line is the ratio of the amplitudes of voltage and current of a wave travelling in one direction along the line in the absence of reflections in the other direction. Equivalently, it can be defined as the input impedance of a transmission line when its length is infinite. Characteristic impedance is determined by the geometry and materials of the transmission line and, for a uniform line, is not dependent on its length. The SI unit of characteristic impedance is the ohm.
The characteristic impedance of a lossless transmission line is purely real, with no reactive component. Energy supplied by a source at one end of such a line is transmitted through the line without being dissipated in the line itself. A transmission line of finite length (lossless or lossy) that is terminated at one end with an impedance equal to the characteristic impedance appears to the source like an infinitely long transmission line and produces no reflections.
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The characteristicimpedance or surge impedance (usually written Z0) of a uniform transmission line is the ratio of the amplitudes of voltage and current...
synonyms, including: wave impedance of free space, the vacuum impedance, intrinsic impedance of vacuum, characteristicimpedance of vacuum, wave resistance...
value of the characteristicimpedance of a cable or other form of transmission line. The nominal value of the input, output or image impedance of a port...
Acoustic impedance and specific acoustic impedance are measures of the opposition that a system presents to the acoustic flow resulting from an acoustic...
In electrical engineering, impedance is the opposition to alternating current presented by the combined effect of resistance and reactance in a circuit...
circuit High impedance, when only a small amount of current is allowed through Characteristicimpedance of a transmission line Impedance (accelerator...
electrical engineering, impedance matching is the practice of designing or adjusting the input impedance or output impedance of an electrical device for...
dimensions along their length, giving them a uniform impedance, called the characteristicimpedance, to prevent reflections. Types of transmission line...
uniform cable characteristicimpedance is important to minimize loss. The source and load impedances are chosen to match the impedance of the cable to...
(SWR) is a measure of impedance matching of loads to the characteristicimpedance of a transmission line or waveguide. Impedance mismatches result in standing...
waves given a specified reference impedance Z0. The reference impedance used is typically the characteristicimpedance of a transmission line that's involved...
a device with an output impedance equal to the input impedance of the load network (equivalent circuit), the characteristics of the source-load network...
26AWG wire, 0.050" spacing and common PVC insulation the resultant characteristicimpedance for any two adjacent wires within the cable is 110 to 130 ohms...
involving any characteristic or system impedance which is represented by the center point of the chart. The most commonly used normalization impedance is 50 ohms...
discontinuity in the characteristicimpedance of the line, or if the far end of the line is not terminated in its characteristicimpedance. This can happen...
consisting of two conductors of the same type, both of which have equal impedances along their lengths, to ground, and to other circuits. The primary advantage...
the wave impedance will in general vary over the cross-section of the line. CharacteristicimpedanceImpedance (disambiguation) Impedance of free space...
connector used for coaxial cable. It is designed to maintain the same characteristicimpedance of the cable, with 50 ohm and 75 ohm types being made. It is usually...
the impedance of an oscilloscope or multimeter can heavily affect the signal or voltage on the node. High impedance signal outputs are characteristic of...
Impedance parameters or Z-parameters (the elements of an impedance matrix or Z-matrix) are properties used in electrical engineering, electronic engineering...
being compared, but can include low loss and a better range of characteristicimpedance. Planar transmission lines can be used for constructing components...
practice of ending a transmission line with a device that matches the characteristicimpedance of the line. Termination prevents signals from reflecting off the...
arranged so that like impedance faces like). This is directly analogous to the definition of characteristicimpedance as the input impedance of an infinitely...
The chief electrical characteristic of a dynamic loudspeaker's driver is its electrical impedance as a function of frequency. It can be visualized by plotting...
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