"Carol I" redirects here. For the 2009 film, see Carol I (film).
Carol I
Carol I, c. 1905-14
King of Romania
Reign
15 March 1881 – 10 October 1914
Coronation
10 May 1881
Predecessor
Monarchy established
Successor
Ferdinand I
Domnitor of Romania
Reign
20 April 1866 – 14 March 1881
Predecessor
Alexandru Ioan Cuza
Successor
Himself as King of Romania
Born
(1839-04-20)20 April 1839 Sigmaringen Castle, Sigmaringen, Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, German Confederation
Died
10 October 1914(1914-10-10) (aged 75) Peleș Castle, Sinaia, Kingdom of Romania
Burial
Curtea de Argeș, Romania
Spouse
Elisabeth of Wied
(m. 1869)
Issue
Princess Maria
Names
Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig
House
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Father
Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern
Mother
Princess Josephine of Baden
Religion
Catholic Church
Signature
Carol I or Charles I of Romania (born Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen; 20 April 1839 – 10 October [O.S. 27 September] 1914), was the monarch of Romania from 1866 to his death in 1914, ruling as Prince (Domnitor) from 1866 to 1881, and as King from 1881 to 1914. He was elected Prince of the Romanian United Principalities on 20 April 1866 after the overthrow of Alexandru Ioan Cuza by a palace coup d'état. In May 1877, Romania was proclaimed an independent and sovereign nation. The defeat of the Ottoman Empire (1878) in the Russo-Turkish War secured Romanian independence, and he was proclaimed King on 26 March [O.S. 14 March] 1881. He was the first ruler of the Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen dynasty, which ruled the country until the proclamation of a socialist republic in 1947.
During his reign, Carol I personally led Romanian troops during the Russo-Turkish War and assumed command of the Russo/Romanian army during the siege of Plevna. The country achieved internationally recognized independence via the Treaty of Berlin, 1878 and acquired Southern Dobruja from Bulgaria in 1913. In 1883 the king entered a top-secret military alliance with the Austro-Hungarian Empire, despite popular demands against Hungary. When World War I broke out he was unable to activate the alliance. Romania remained neutral and in 1916 joined the Allies.
Domestic political life was organized around the rival Liberal and Conservative parties. During Carol's reign, Romania's industry and infrastructure were much improved, however this process also resulted in major scandals, including the Strousberg Affair which personally implicated Carol. Overall, the country still had an agrarian-focused economy and the situation of the peasantry failed to improve, leading to a major revolt in 1907, bloodily suppressed by the authorities.
He married Princess Elisabeth of Wied on 15 November 1869. They only had one daughter, Maria, who died at the age of four. Carol never produced a male heir, leaving his elder brother Leopold next in line to the throne. In October 1880 Leopold renounced his right of succession in favour of his son William, who in turn surrendered his claim six years later in favour of his younger brother, the future King Ferdinand.
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orbs, the Scepter of King Ferdinand I the Scepter of King Carol II, the Sword of King CarolI and the Royal Mantle. The Romanian "Steel Crown" is the...
ofCarolI (Romanian: Ordinul CarolI) was the highest ranking of the Romanian honours of the Kingdom ofRomania until the founding of the Order of Michael...
kingdom existed from 1881, when CarolIofRomania was proclaimed king, until 1947, when the last king, Michael IofRomania, was forced to abdicate and the...
al României (anglicised as: ofRomania) according to his amended Romanian birth certificate or as Carol Lambrino (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈkarol lambrino][needs...
Michael I (Romanian: Mihai I [miˈhaj]; 25 October 1921 – 5 December 2017) was the last king ofRomania, reigning from 20 July 1927 to 8 June 1930 and again...
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CarolI Park (Romanian: Parcul Carol) is a public park in Bucharest, Romania, named after King CarolIofRomania. A French garden located in the southern-central...
Entente between 10 and 11 November 1918. At the start of World War I, King CarolIofRomania favored Germany, while the nation's political elite favored...
prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King CarolI (thus beginning the Romanian royal family), until 1947 with the abdication of King Michael I and the...
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for the Bulgarian throne. These were King CarolIofRomania and the nobleman Gheorghe G. Bibescu, son of a former Wallachian prince. They were not taken...
The equestrian statue ofCarolI is a monument in Romania, situated in the central zone of Bucharest, on Calea Victoriei. The massive statue, cast in bronze...
with Prince Carol being crowned as King CarolIofRomania. Alexandru Ioan Cuza took steps to unify the administrations of the two Romanian Principalities...
of Berlin. In an expression of full sovereignty, the principality was elevated to a kingdom in 1881, with CarolI becoming King ofRomania. CarolI died...
Order of the Crown ofRomania is a chivalric order set up on 14 March 1881 by King CarolIofRomania to commemorate the establishment of the Kingdom of Romania...
Elisabeth of Wied (Pauline Elisabeth Ottilie Luise; 29 December 1843 – 2 March 1916) was the first queen ofRomania as the wife of King CarolI from 15...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Flags ofRomania. The following is a list of flags used to represent Romania. Photo at the website of the Presidency...
There are several national symbols ofRomania, representing Romania or its people in either official or unofficial capacities. "The national symbols"....
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