Capital punishment – the process of sentencing convicted offenders to death for the most serious crimes (capital crimes) and carrying out that sentence, as ordered by a legal system[1] – first appeared in New Zealand in a codified form when New Zealand became a British colony in 1840.[2] It was first carried out with a public hanging in Victoria Street, Auckland in 1842, while the last execution occurred in 1957 at Mount Eden Prison, also in Auckland.[3] In total, 85 people have been lawfully executed in New Zealand.[4]
Capital punishment was first abolished for murder in 1941 by the First Labour Government, with all death sentences commuted to life imprisonment. However, the succeeding First National Government reinstated it in 1949, following which eight more executions took place in the period up to 1957.[5] Subsequently, public opinion turned against the use of capital punishment, and it was once again abolished for murder in 1961, and abolished for all crimes, including treason, in 1989.
^"capital punishment". Cambridge Dictionary. Archived from the original on 15 September 2015.
^"NZ behind UN resolution to abolish death penalty". Beehive.govt.nz; The official website of the New Zealand Government. 11 October 2007. Archived from the original on 22 January 2019.
^"A history of capital punishment in NZ". TVNZ. 17 December 2008. Archived from the original on 4 February 2009. Retrieved 10 February 2009.
^"The death penalty; List of executions". NZ History; Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Archived from the original on 17 February 2017.
^"The death penalty – Introduction". NZ History; Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017.
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