Capital punishment in Iraq is a legal penalty. It was commonly used by the government of Saddam Hussein (who was himself ultimately executed), was temporarily halted after the US-led 2003 invasion of Iraq that deposed Hussein, and has since been reinstated. Executions are carried out by hanging.
Iraqi law states that no person over the age of 70 can be executed; however there have been instances where this provision has been violated, as was the case with Tariq Aziz, who was sentenced to death at the age of 74.[citation needed] There is a guaranteed right to appeal on all such sentences. Iraqi law requires execution take place within 30 days of all legal avenues being exhausted. The last legal step, before the execution proceeds, is for the condemned to be handed a red card. This is completed by an official of the court with details of the judgment and a notice that execution is imminent.[1]
After the invasion of Iraq in 2003, U.S. administrator L. Paul Bremer suspended capital punishment on June 10, declaring that "the former regime used certain provisions of the penal code as a means of oppression, in violation of internationally acknowledged human rights."[2] However, on August 8, 2004, capital punishment was reinstated in Iraq.[2] Executions resumed in September 2005, after three men convicted of murder were executed. On March 9, 2006, an official of Iraq's Supreme Judicial Council confirmed that Iraqi authorities had executed the first insurgents by hanging.[3] Twenty-seven people, including one woman, were executed by the Iraqi government on September 6, 2006, for high crimes against civilians.[4] On January 19, 2012, 34 people were executed in a single day.[5] Early in October 2013, 42 people convicted of terrorism charges were hanged over the course of two days. By that date a total of 132 people had been executed in 2013.[6]
In July 2016, Iraqi Prime Minister Haider Al-Abadi ordered the execution of all terrorists condemned in the country following the Baghdad suicide truck bombing which killed over 250 people at a mall in Karrada, Baghdad.[7] Iraq carried out at least 88 executions in 2016, and at least 125 in 2017.[8] After the defeat of ISIS in Mosul in 2017, Iraq tried and sentenced captured terrorists to death in large numbers.[9]
^"Iraq is preparing for Saddam's hanging". International Herald Tribune. 2006-12-29. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
^ ab"Scores face execution in Iraq six years after invasion". Amnesty International USA. 2009-03-20. Archived from the original on 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
^Conley, Brian (April 14, 2006). "Capital Punishment in Iraq Seen Simply As Death, Not Justice".
^"Iraq has months to avert collapse". CNN. 2006-09-06. Retrieved 2006-09-06.
^"Iraq's execution of 34 people in one day 'shocking' – UN human rights chief". UN News. January 24, 2012.
^"Iraq hangs 42 convicted on terrorism charges". The Jordan Times. 10 October 2013. Archived from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
^"PM of Iraq orders immediate execution of convicted terrorists". neweurope.eu. Archived from the original on 5 July 2016. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
^"Death sentences and executions in 2016". amnesty.org. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
^"Inside the Iraqi courts sentencing IS suspects to death". September 2, 2017 – via www.bbc.com.
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