Pedro Lopes de Sousa † Francisco da Silva D. Gastão Coutinho † Francisco de Brito † Jayavira Bandara Mudali †
Vimaladharmasuriya I of Kandy Ekanayaka Mudali
Strength
On 5 July 1594 Total 20,000[1]
~1,000 Portuguese (estimates range from 800 to 1,474)[2]
15,400 Lascarins[3]
an unknown number of Badaga mercenaries[4] and coolies[5]
47 elephants[5]
By 8 October 1594
368 Portuguese
a few Lascarins [6]
On 5 July 1594 10,000 men[7]
By 8 October 1594 10,000–20,000 men[8] (estimates range up to 40,000)[9]
Casualties and losses
A handful of Portuguese and Lascarins escaped back to Colombo; 93 Portuguese were captured; the majority of the Lascarins deserted; the rest of the army was killed[10]
Exact figures not known
v
t
e
Sinhalese–Portuguese war
Vedalai (1538)
Kotte (1557–58)
Mulleriyawa (1559)
Colombo (1587–88)
Danture (1594)
Balana (1602)
Kandyan raids (1612–13)
Mulleriyawa (1624)
Jaffna (1628)
Randeniwela (1630)
Gannoruwa (1638)
Galle (1640)
v
t
e
Portuguese colonial campaigns
15th century
Morocco (1415)
Morocco (1419)
Morocco (1437)
Morocco (1458)
Morocco (1463-64)
Morocco (1468)
Morocco (1471)
Guinea (1478)
Morocco (1487)
Morocco (1490)
16th century
India (1500-1513)
Algeria (1501)
East Africa (1505)
Indian Ocean (1505–17)
India (1506)
East Africa (1507)
Socotra (1507)
Persian Gulf (1507–15)
India (1508)
India (1509)
India (1510)
Malaysia (1511)
Morocco (1513)
Morocco (1514)
Morocco (1514)
Morocco (1515)
Morocco (1515)
East Africa (1517)
Goa (1517)
Malaysia (1520)
Sri Lanka (1520–1658)
Sumatra (1521)
Bahrain (1521)
Insulindia (1521)
China (1521)
Sumatra (1522)
Arabia (1523)
Malaysia (1523)
Sumatra (1523-24)
Insulindia (1525)
Insulindia (1526)
India (1526)
Java (1527)
Sumatra (1528)
East Africa (1528)
Persian Gulf (1529)
Moluccas (1530–1607)
India (1531)
Tunis (1535)
Malaysia (1535)
Malaysia (1536)
Moluccas (1536)
Brazil (1534-1536)
Indian Ocean (1538–60)
Red Sea (1541)
Red Sea (1541)
Red Sea (1541)
Red Sea (1541)
Ethiopia (1541)
Ethiopia (1542)
East Africa (1542)
Insulindia (1545)
India (1546)
Malaysia (1547)
Arabia (1548)
Arabia (1548)
Persian Gulf (1551)
Malaysia (1551)
Arabia (1552–54)
Gulf of Oman (1554)
Pakistan (1557)
Brazil (1558)
Jaffna (1560)
Japan (1561)
Morocco (1562)
Japan (1565)
Brazil (1567)
Malacca (1568)
Sumatra (1569)
India (1570–75)
Morocco (1578)
Atlantic Ocean (1580–83)
India (1581)
Arabia (1581)
Indian Ocean (1586–89)
Persian Gulf (1586)
Malaysia (1587)
Jaffna (1591)
India (1599)
17th century
Java (1601)
Sumatra (1606)
Malaysia (1606)
Malaysia (1606)
India (1612)
Brazil (1612-1615)
Persian Gulf (1614)
Malaysia (1615)
Jaffna (1619)
Coromandel Coast (1619)
Persian Gulf (1621-22)
Trincomalee (1622)
Persian Gulf (1622)
China (1622)
Angola (1622)
Angola (1623)
Brazil (1624)
Persian Gulf (1625)
Brazil (1625)
Gold Coast (1625)
Malaysia (1628)
Malacca (1629)
Brazil (1630)
Brazil (1631)
East Africa (1632)
Bengal (1632)
Arabia (1633)
Arabia (1633-43)
Brazil (1636)
Gold Coast (1637)
India (1638)
Brazil (1638)
India (1638–39)
India (1639)
Brazil (1640)
Morocco (1640)
Malaysia (1640–41)
Angola (1641–48)
Brazil (1641)
Brazil (1645)
Angola (1647)
Brazil (1648)
Brazil (1649)
Arabia (1650)
Brazil (1652–54)
1st Sri Lanka (1654)
2nd Sri Lanka (1654)
Malabar (1658-63)
Angola (1665)
Angola (1670)
Angola (1670)
Angola (1671)
Angola (1681)
India (1693)
East Africa (1696–98)
18th century
India (1704)
Brazil (1710)
Brazil (1711)
India (1729-32)
Banda Oriental (1735–37)
India (1746)
India (1746)
India (1752)
Brazil (1756)
Brazil (1762–63)
Banda Oriental and Rio Grande do Sul (1762–63)
Morocco (1769)
Banda Oriental (1776–77)
19th century
French Guiana (1809)
China (1809-10)
Banda Oriental (1816–20)
Brazil (1821–23)
China (1846)
China (1849)
Mozambique (1895)
20th century
Angola (1902–03)
Angola (1907)
Angola (1914–15)
Mozambique (1917–18)
Timor (1942–43)
India (1954)
India (1961)
Africa (1961–74)
Angola (1961–74)
Guinea-Bissau (1963–74)
Mozambique (1964–74)
The Danture campaign comprised a series of encounters between the Portuguese and the Kingdom of Kandy in 1594, part of the Sinhalese–Portuguese War. It is considered a turning point in the indigenous resistance to Portuguese expansion. For the first time in Sri Lanka a Portuguese army was essentially annihilated, when they were on the verge of the total conquest of the island.[11] A 20,000-strong Portuguese army, led by Governor Pedro Lopes de Sousa, invaded Kandy on 5 July 1594. After three months, severely depleted by guerilla warfare and mass desertions, what remained of the Portuguese army was annihilated at Danture by the Kandyans under King Vimaladharmasuriya. With this victory, the Kingdom of Kandy emerged as a major military power; it was to retain its independence, against Portuguese, Dutch, and British armies, until 1815.[12]
Victory at Danture notwithstanding, only the mobile section of the Portuguese army in Ceylon was annihilated, while their strongholds remained intact, and so Kandy was unable to follow up with an advance into the lowlands. The Portuguese would in the future renew their offensive against Kandy under the reorganized forces of captain-general Dom Jerónimo de Azevedo, devastating Kandy in the process.[13]
^Queyroz, p. 482.
^C. Gaston Perera. pp. 179, 180.
^Queyroz, pp. 480, 481.
^Queyroz, p. 485.
^ abPhillipus Baldaeus, p. 16.
^Queyroz, pp. 487, 489.
^C. Gaston Perera. p. 21.
^Channa W'singhe, pp. 75, 76.
^Phillipus Baldaeus, p. 17.
^Queyroz, pp. 488–490.
^C. Gaston Perera. p. 197.
^Channa W'singhe, p. 16.
^Chandra Richard De Silva (1972) The Portuguese in Ceylon 1617–1638 H. W. Cave & Company, Colombo, p. 13
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