Partial internal mold of C. inaequabile, Upper Ordovician of northern Kentucky
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Class:
Cephalopoda
Subclass:
Nautiloidea
Order:
†Endocerida
Family:
†Endoceratidae
Genus:
†Cameroceras Conrad, 1842
Type species
†Cameroceras trentonense
Conrad, 1842
Species
See text.
Cameroceras ("chambered horn") is an extinct genus of endocerid cephalopod which lived in equatorial oceans during the entire Ordovician period. Like other endocerids, it was an orthocone, meaning that its shell was fairly straight and pointed. It was particularly abundant and widespread in the Late Ordovician, inhabiting the shallow tropical seas in and around Laurentia, Baltica and Siberia (equivalent to modern North America, Europe, and Asia).[1]
Cameroceras exhibited a broad range of sizes, and some species were fairly large by extinct cephalopod standards. One species, C. turrisoides from the Boda Limestone of Sweden,[2] is estimated to have shell around 2 metres (6.6 ft) in length,[3] while that of C. rowenaense was about 70 centimetres (2.3 ft).[1] Some books and older scientific papers previously treated Cameroceras as the absolute largest nautiloid-grade cephalopod, with a shell length reaching 5.7 metres (19 ft)[4][5] or even 9.14 metres (30.0 ft).[6][4][1] More recent studies have indicated that the largest orthocone fossils do not belong to the genus Cameroceras, but rather Endoceras giganteum. Moreover, the maximum length estimate is based on a highly doubtful field observation.[5]Cameroceras and Endoceras are indistinguishable in most anatomical aspects, only differing in their shell texture.[7]
^ abcFrey, R.C. 1995. "Middle and Upper Ordovician nautiloid cephalopods of the Cincinnati Arch region of Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-05-01. Retrieved 2023-10-25. U.S. Geological Survey, p.73
^Kröger, Björn (2013-03-27). "The cephalopods of the Boda Limestone, Late Ordovician, of Dalarna, Sweden". European Journal of Taxonomy (41): 1–110. doi:10.5852/ejt.2013.41. ISSN 2118-9773. Archived from the original on 2022-10-02. Retrieved 2023-10-25.
^Kröger, Björn; Ebbestad, Jan Ove R. (2014). "Palaeoecology and palaeogeography of Late Ordovician (Katian–Hirnantian) cephalopods of the Boda Limestone, Siljan district, Sweden". Lethaia. 47 (1): 15–30. Bibcode:2014Letha..47...15K. doi:10.1111/let.12034. ISSN 0024-1164. Archived from the original on 2023-11-10. Retrieved 2023-10-13.
^ abTeichert, Curt; Kummel, Bernhard (20 December 1960). "Size of Endocerid Cephalopods". Breviora. 128: 1–7. Archived from the original on 8 April 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
^ abKlug, C.; De Baets, K.; Kröger, B.; Bell, M.A.; Korn, D.; Payne, J.L. (2015). "Normal giants? Temporal and latitudinal shifts of Palaeozoic marine invertebrate gigantism and global change". Lethaia. 48 (2): 267–288. Bibcode:2015Letha..48..267K. doi:10.1111/let.12104.
^Flower, Rousseau H. (1955). "Status of Endoceroid Classification". Journal of Paleontology. 29 (3): 329–371. ISSN 0022-3360. JSTOR 1300321.
^Cite error: The named reference :13 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
genus Cameroceras, but rather Endoceras giganteum. Moreover, the maximum length estimate is based on a highly doubtful field observation. Cameroceras and...
Endoceras attained shell lengths close to 6 metres (20 ft). The related Cameroceras is anecdotally reported to have reached lengths approaching 9 metres...
Europe; and fossils have been found in Australia. Endoceras is similar to Cameroceras, the two may be synonymous, but differs from the genus Nanno in that...
P T J K Pg N Late Cambrian – Recent Nautilus pompilius the endocerid Cameroceras, shown feeding on the tarphycerid Aphetoceras, while a quartet of ellesmerocerid...
new predators, but is no match for the beaks of cephalopods such as Cameroceras, while Arandaspis, an early vertebrate, lives in the shadow of the invertebrates...
largest known Paleozoic invertebrates, represented by Endoceras and Cameroceras. Endocerids are characterized by large, generally ventral siphuncles...
An illustration depicting Cameroceras shells sticking out of the mud as a result of draining seaways during the Ordovician-Silurian Extinction event....
maximum size for genus Cameroceras, although this author support theory that some large specimens of Endoceras belong to Cameroceras instead. Endoceras proteiforme...
type apex. Williamsoceras and Cacheoceras differ in having a straight cameroceras type apex without the expanded siphuncle. Allotrioceras differs by its...
siphuncle is not truly swollen at the apex. Probably the apical end of Cameroceras or Vaginoceras. Flower, Rousseau H.1958. Some Chazyan and Mohawkian Endoceratida...
immatura – or unidentified related form †Cameroceras †Cameroceras rowenaense – type locality for species †Cameroceras trentonense – or unidentified comparable...
locality for species †Cameroceras †Cameroceras alternatum – or unidentified comparable form †Cameroceras hennepini †Cameroceras inopinatum – type locality...
Cameroceras turrisoides Sp. nov Valid Kröger Late Ordovician (late Katian) Boda Limestone Sweden A member of Endocerida, a species of Cameroceras. Cimomia...
Spain A member of Intejocerida. Genus includes new species C. aznari. Cameroceras motsognir Sp. nov Valid Kröger & Aubrechtová Late Ordovician Kullsberg...
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