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C with bar
Ꞓ ꞓ
Usage
Writing system
Latin script
Type
Alphabetic
Language of origin
Unified Northern Alphabet
Phonetic usage
[t͡ʃ] [t͡s]
Unicode codepoint
U+A792, U+A793
History
Development
Ꞓ ꞓ
Other
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
The C with bar (majuscule: Ꞓ, minuscule: ꞓ), also known as barred C, is a modified letter of the Latin alphabet, formed from C with the addition of a bar. It was used in the final version of the Unified Northern Alphabet, approved in 1932, for Saami, Selkup, Khanty, Evenki, Even, Nanai, Udege, Chukchi, Koryak and Nivkh languages [1] to denote the sound IPA:[t͡ʃ], although in some of these languages in practice, several other alphabets were used. Also, this letter was used in the Latinized Shugnan alphabet (1931-1939) to denote the sound IPA:[t͡s].[2][3][4]
The United States Federal Geographic Data Committee uses the capital barred C to represent the Cambrian Period in geologic history.[5] In phonetic transcription, the lowercase barred C may denote a voiceless palatal fricative (IPA: [ç]), and in 1963, it was proposed as a symbol for a voiceless flat postalveolar fricative [ɻ̊˔] by William A. Smalley.[6]
Pointed letters in Noah Webster's 1828 American dictionary of the English language, with the c with bar for the letter 'c' pronounced as k.
In 19th-century American English dictionaries such as those by Noah Webster and William Holmes McGuffey, the letter was used to denote ⟨c⟩ pronounced as /k/.[7]
^Материалы I всероссийской конференции по развитию языков и письменности народов Севера (3000 экз ed.). М.-Л.: Учпедгиз. 1932. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
^Луқо Инҷӣл = Luqo Inǰīl. ИПБ. 2001. ISBN 5-93943-018-X.
^Р. Додихудоева (2005). "Из истории письменности шугнанского языка. Вводные замечания". Языки и этнография «Крыши мира». СПб.: Петербургское Востоковедение. pp. 30–37.
^Federal Geographic Data Committee, ed. (August 2006). FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization FGDC-STD-013-2006(PDF). U.S. Geological Survey for the Federal Geographic Data Committee. p. A-32-1.
^Pullum, Geoffrey K.; Ladusaw, William A. (1996). Phonetic Symbol Guide. University of Chicago Press. pp. 28–9. ISBN 0-226-68536-5.
^Priest, Lorna A.; Iancu, Laurentiu; Everson, Michael (14 October 2010). "Proposal to encode C WITH BAR" (PDF). Unicode.org. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
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