Image of a bubble raft (bubble size ~1.5 mm) showing vacancies and an edge dislocation in the bottom right corner.
A bubble raft is an array of bubbles. It demonstrates materials' microstructural and atomic length-scale behavior by modelling the {111} plane of a close-packed crystal. A material's observable and measurable mechanical properties strongly depend on its atomic and microstructural configuration and characteristics. This fact is intentionally ignored in continuum mechanics, which assumes a material to have no underlying microstructure and be uniform and semi-infinite throughout.
Bubble rafts assemble bubbles on a water surface, often with the help of amphiphilic soaps. These assembled bubbles act like atoms, diffusing, slipping, ripening, straining, and otherwise deforming in a way that models the behavior of the {111} plane of a close-packed crystal. The ideal (lowest energy) state of the assembly would undoubtedly be a perfectly regular single crystal, but just as in metals, the bubbles often form defects, grain boundaries, and multiple crystals.
A bubbleraft is an array of bubbles. It demonstrates materials' microstructural and atomic length-scale behavior by modelling the {111} plane of a close-packed...
but the adults do not swim, and cannot create their rafts, except at the surface where air bubbles are available. These snails are pelagic, drifting on...
CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-203-50781-0. Thiel, M.; Gutow, L. (2005). "II. The rafting organisms and community". In Gibson, Robin (ed.). Oceanography and marine...
securely because they create a raft of clear chitin around air bubbles formed near the ocean surface. They anchor to this raft using their foot. The snails...
Cambridge Known for X-ray diffraction X-ray spectroscopy X-ray microscopy Bubbleraft Bragg's law Bragg-Gray cavity theory Bragg-Williams approximation Spouse...
Gittenberger, Adriaan (11 October 2011). "Females floated first in bubble-rafting snails" (PDF). Current Biology. 21 (19). Elsevier: R802–R803. doi:10...
Online tutorial on dislocations, including movies of dislocations in bubblerafts; Difference between Edge dislocation and Screw dislocation Difference...
thickness of the solid material between the bubbles; many samples float in water. After the explosion of Krakatoa, rafts of pumice drifted through the Indian...
surface. The holes may be caused by air bubbles or other foreign matter on the water surface. Micrographs of calcite rafts show lace-like structure. The surface...
until Bugs uses a slingshot to pop the bubble and bring him down. Bugs simplistically makes an inflatable raft look like a pig and lures Taz with pig...
The property bubble in New Zealand is a major national economic and social issue. Since the early 1990s, house prices in New Zealand have risen considerably...
nutrient-rich, oxygenated water. Also known as deep flow technique (DFT), floating raft technology (FRT), or raceway, this method uses a rectangular tank less than...
a large pumice raft floating in the South Pacific between Fiji and Tonga. Subsequent scientific investigations revealed the pumice raft originated from...
of the systems that provide such opportunities include floating logs and rafts of marine or terrestrial vegetation. Similarly, floating coconuts can be...
12-person rafts. The rafts have names such as “Kathmandoozy”, “Himalayan Hummer”, “Manaslu Slammer”, “Bhaktapur Bubbler”, and “Sherpa Surfer”. As the rafts leave...
Admiral Akainu. Saul, on the verge of dying, instructs Robin to flee on his raft. Persuaded by Saul's argument and Sakazuki's action, Kuzan helps Robin escape...
naked. In the next scene, James Cagney prepares Humphrey Bogart and George Raft – all known for their gangster roles – for a risky task. They get ready,...
45 breeding pools, several being ditches, most of which have a floating raft of densely matted vegetation at their centre, and an area of shallow open...
at the boys, Tim, Jill and Mark dress as aliens and scare them. 9 9 "Bubble, Bubble, Toil and Trouble" John Pasquin Susan Estelle Jansen November 19, 1991 (1991-11-19)...
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