February 29, 2024(2024-02-29) (aged 84) Palm Beach, Florida, U.S.
Resting place
Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery, Montreal, Quebec
Political party
Progressive Conservative (1955–2003)
Conservative (from 2003)
Spouse
Mila Pivnički
(m. 1973)
Children
4, including Caroline and Ben
Relatives
Jessica Mulroney (daughter-in-law)
Education
St. Francis Xavier University (BA)
Dalhousie University (no degree)
Laval University (LLB)
Signature
Martin Brian MulroneyPC CC GOQ (/mʊlˈruːni/muul-ROO-nee; March 20, 1939 – February 29, 2024) was a Canadian lawyer, businessman, and politician who served as the 18th prime minister of Canada from 1984 to 1993.
Born in the eastern Quebec city of Baie-Comeau, Mulroney studied political science and law. He then moved to Montreal and gained prominence as a labour lawyer. After placing third in the 1976 Progressive Conservative leadership election, he was appointed president of the Iron Ore Company of Canada in 1977. He held that post until 1983, when he became leader of the Progressive Conservatives. He led the party to a landslide victory in the 1984 federal election, winning the second-largest percentage of seats in Canadian history (at 74.8 percent) and receiving over 50 percent of the popular vote. He later won a second majority government in 1988.
Mulroney's tenure as prime minister was marked by the introduction of major economic reforms, such as the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement, the goods and services tax (GST) that was created to replace the manufacturers' sales tax, and the privatization of 23 of 61 Crown corporations including Air Canada and Petro-Canada. Mulroney sought Quebec's endorsement of the 1982 constitutional amendments by first introducing the Meech Lake Accord and then the Charlottetown Accord. Both proposed recognizing Quebec as a distinct society, extending provincial powers, and extensively changing the constitution. Both of the accords failed to be ratified, and the Meech Lake Accord's demise revived Quebec separatism, leading to the rise of the Bloc Québécois. In foreign policy, Mulroney strengthened Canada's ties with the United States and opposed the apartheid regime in South Africa, leading an effort within the Commonwealth to sanction the country. Mulroney's tenure was marked by the Air India Flight 182 bombing, the largest mass killing in Canadian history, though his response to the attack came under criticism. Mulroney made environmental protection a priority by securing a treaty with the United States on acid rain, making Canada the first industrialized country to ratify the Convention on Biological Diversity, adding significant national parks, and passing the Environmental Assessment Act and the Environmental Protection Act.
The unpopularity of the GST and the controversy surrounding its passage in the Senate, combined with the early 1990s recession, the collapse of the Charlottetown Accord, and growing Western alienation that triggered the rise of the Reform Party, caused a stark decline in Mulroney's popularity, which induced him to resign and hand over power to his cabinet minister Kim Campbell in June 1993. In the election later that year, the Progressive Conservatives were reduced from a majority government of 156 seats to two, with its support being eroded by the Bloc and Reform parties. In his retirement, Mulroney served as an international business consultant and sat on the board of directors of multiple corporations. Although he places average or above average in rankings of Canadian prime ministers, his legacy remains controversial. He was criticized for his role in the resurgence of Quebec nationalism and accused of corruption in the Airbus affair, a scandal that came to light only several years after he left office.
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1983, Clark lost his leadership role to BrianMulroney, who helped the PC Party gain popularity in Quebec. Mulroney won back-to-back majority governments...
sovereignty. In 1984 BrianMulroney, Bouchard's close friend from his law school days at Université Laval, became Canadian Prime Minister. Mulroney would go on...
to BrianMulroney in 1983. Clark returned to prominence from 1984 to 1993 as foreign minister then constitutional affairs minister in Mulroney's cabinet...
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incumbent prime minister, BrianMulroney, went on to lead his Progressive Conservative Party to a second majority government. Mulroney became the party's first...
Canada BrianMulroney. BrianMulroney, 18th Prime Minister of Canada Mila Mulroney, Progressive Conservative political campaigner, wife of BrianMulroney Caroline...
Anderson Brian Becker Brian Bedford Brian Bell Brian Bennett Brian Blake Brian Bowman Brian Briggs Brian Brown Brian Burns Brian Byrne Brian Campbell Brian Carroll...
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minister under prime ministers Joe Clark and BrianMulroney, including as deputy prime minister under Mulroney. After retiring from politics in 1993, Mazankowski...
the House of Commons of Canada as a PC in 1988. Under Prime Minister BrianMulroney, she occupied numerous cabinet positions including minister of justice...
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to the Constitution of Canada negotiated in 1987 by Prime Minister BrianMulroney and all 10 Canadian provincial premiers. It was intended to persuade...
party's five-year mandate. When she succeeded longtime Prime Minister BrianMulroney and assumed office in June, the party was deeply unpopular due to the...
political history, the Progressive Conservative Party (PC Party), led by BrianMulroney, defeated the incumbent governing Liberal Party led by Prime Minister...
which was linked through allegation to former prime minister of Canada BrianMulroney. He was extradited to Germany on 2 August 2009, and convicted of tax...
Queen Elizabeth II in 1989, on the recommendation of Prime Minister BrianMulroney. He replaced Jeanne Mathilde Sauvé as viceroy, and occupied the post...
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