Scene from the interior of Northeastern Brazil. Here, residents of the municipality of Caraúbas do Piauí are transported in a pau de arara style truck.
Northeastern migration or the northeastern exodus refers to a secular migratory process of populations coming from the Northeast region of Brazil to other parts of the country, in particular to the center-south. This migratory movement had and has great relevance in the history of migration in Brazil since the time of the Empire.[1]
Economic stagnation and constant droughts, in contrast to the economic prosperity of other regions in Brazil, were determining factors in the beginning of the northeastern migratory process.[2] In 1879, with the advent of the First Rubber Cycle, the northeasterners migrated to the Amazon region, a fact that is repeated during the World War II, with the Second Rubber Cycle. During the peak of Brazil's industrialization, between the 1950s and 1970s, migration from the Northeast to the Southeast, especially to the states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, was intense, making the capitals of these states great poles of attraction for these populations.[1]
After the decline of the industrial growth in the Southeast, at the end of the 1980s, migration from the Northeast to São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro decreased considerably. Between the 1980s and 1990s, polynucleated migration became more evident, also registering migrations to the Federal District region and, once again, to the Amazon region.[1]
^ abcSilva, Júlio César Lázaro da. "Principais Migrações Inter-regionais no Brasil". Brasil Escola. Retrieved 2015-02-25.
^Ferrari, Monia (2005). "A migração nordestina para São Paulo no segundo governo Vargas (1951-1954) – Seca e desigualdades regionais". UFSCar. Archived from the original on 2016-02-03.
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