"Oliver waited on by Bow Street Runners", an engraving in The Writings of Charles Dickens, volume 4, Oliver Twist
Named after
Bow Street Magistrates' Court
Predecessor
Thief-takers
Successor
Metropolitan Police
Formation
1749
Founder
Henry Fielding, John Fielding
Founded at
Bow Street Magistrates' Court, Bow Street, Covent Garden, Westminster, London, England, Kingdom of Great Britain
Dissolved
1839
Headquarters
Bow Street Magistrates' Court, Bow Street, Covent Garden, Westminster, London, England, United Kingdom
Methods
Arrest, apprehension, conviction
Magistrate
Henry Fielding
Magistrate
Sir John Fielding
Parent organization
British Crown Court
Not to be confused with Bow Street Foot Patrols or Bow Street Horse Patrols.
The Bow Street Runners were the law enforcement officers of the Bow Street Magistrates' Court in the City of Westminster. They have been called London's first professional police force. The force originally numbered six men and was founded in 1749 by magistrate Henry Fielding, who was also well known as an author.[1] His assistant, brother, and successor as magistrate, John Fielding, moulded the constables into a professional and effective force. Bow Street Runners was the public's nickname for the officers although the officers did not use the term themselves and considered it derogatory.[2] The group was disbanded in 1839 and its personnel merged with the Metropolitan Police, which had been formed ten years earlier.
^Newman 1997, p. 69.
^Cox 2010.
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