Term used in physics to refer to the number of bottom quarks
Flavour in particle physics
Flavour quantum numbers
Isospin: I or I3
Charm: C
Strangeness: S
Topness: T
Bottomness: B′
Related quantum numbers
Baryon number: B
Lepton number: L
Weak isospin: T or T3
Electric charge: Q
X-charge: X
Combinations
Hypercharge: Y
Y = (B + S + C + B′ + T)
Y = 2 (Q − I3)
Weak hypercharge: YW
YW = 2 (Q − T3)
X + 2YW = 5 (B − L)
Flavour mixing
CKM matrix
PMNS matrix
Flavour complementarity
v
t
e
In physics, bottomness (symbol B′; using a prime as plain B is used already for baryon number) or beauty is a flavour quantum number reflecting the difference between the number of bottom antiquarks (n b ) and the number of bottom quarks (n b ) that are present in a particle:
Bottom quarks have (by convention) a bottomness of −1 while bottom antiquarks have a bottomness of +1. The convention is that the flavour quantum number sign for the quark is the same as the sign of the electric charge (symbol Q) of that quark (in this case, Q = −1⁄3).
As with other flavour-related quantum numbers, bottomness is preserved under strong and electromagnetic interactions, but not under weak interactions. For first-order weak reactions, it holds that .
This term is rarely used. Most physicists simply refer to "the number of bottom quarks" and "the number of bottom antiquarks".
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