The Bonin greenfinch (Chloris kittlitzi), also known as the Ogasawara greenfinch, is a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae that is endemic to the Ogasawara Islands of Japan, where it is found on the Bonin Islands and Volcano Islands. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the grey-capped greenfinch (C. sinica) and some authorities consider it as such, but a 2020 analysis found it likely to represent a distinct species that diverged from C. sinica about 1.06 million years ago, and the International Ornithological Congress now recognizes it as such, making it the eleventh endemic species in Japan (alongside the Copper pheasant (Syrmaticus soemmerringii), Okinawa rail (Hypotaenidia okinawae), Amami woodcock (Scolopax mira), Japanese green woodpecker (Picus awokera), Okinawa woodpecker (Dendrocopos noguchii), Lidth's jay (Garrulus lidthi), Bonin white-eye (Apalopteron familiare), Izu thrush (Turdus celaenops), Ryukyu robin (Larvivora komadori), and Japanese accentor (Prunella rubida)).[2] There are fewer than 400 individuals in the population and it is considered critically endangered by the Japanese government, necessitating protection.[3][4][5] According to the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology, as of December 2021, the Ogaswara greenfinch is Japan's most endangered bird.[6][7]
^ abCite error: The named reference Ibis was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^日本固有の鳥が1種増える！？ ―海洋島で独自に進化を遂げた希少種オガサワラカワラヒワ― [Japan's Endemic Birds to Increase by a Species!? — An Endangered Species that has Evolved Independently on Ocean Islands, the Ogasawara Greenfinch] (in Japanese). Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute [ja]. 27 May 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2022.
^"Species Updates – IOC World Bird List". Retrieved 2021-01-23.
^Saitoh, Takema; Kawakami, Kazuto; Red'kin, Yaroslav A.; Nishiumi, Isao; Kim, Chang-Hoe; Kryukov, Alexey P. (May 2020). "Cryptic Speciation of the Oriental Greenfinch Chloris sinica on Oceanic Islands". Zoological Science. 37 (3): 280–294. doi:10.2108/zs190111. ISSN 0289-0003. PMID 32549542.
^「オガサワラカワラヒワ」のパンフレットができました [Pamphlet on the Ogasawara Greeninch] (in Japanese). Yamashina Institute for Ornithology. 2 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^絶滅寸前！日本の固有種オガサワラカワラヒワ [On the Verge of Extinction! Japan's Endemic Species, the Ogaswara Greenfinch] (in Japanese). Yamashina Institute for Ornithology. 2 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
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