"Bobby Fisher" redirects here. For the English footballer, see Bobby Fisher (footballer).For other people with similar names, see Bob Fisher.
Bobby Fischer
Fischer in 1972
Full name
Robert James Fischer
Country
United States
Born
(1943-03-09)March 9, 1943 Chicago, Illinois, US
Died
January 17, 2008(2008-01-17) (aged 64) Reykjavík, Iceland
Title
Grandmaster (1958)
World Champion
1972–1975
Peak rating
2785 (July 1972)[1]
Peak ranking
No. 1 (July 1971)
Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943 – January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion. A chess prodigy, he won his first of a record eight US Championships at the age of 14. In 1964, he won with an 11–0 score, the only perfect score in the history of the tournament. Qualifying for the 1972 World Championship, Fischer swept matches with Mark Taimanov and Bent Larsen by 6–0 scores. After winning another qualifying match against Tigran Petrosian, Fischer won the title match against Boris Spassky of the USSR, in Reykjavík, Iceland. Publicized as a Cold War confrontation between the US and USSR, the match attracted more worldwide interest than any chess championship before or since.
In 1975, Fischer refused to defend his title when an agreement could not be reached with FIDE, chess's international governing body, over the match conditions. Consequently, the Soviet challenger Anatoly Karpov was named World Champion by default. Fischer subsequently disappeared from the public eye, though occasional reports of erratic behavior emerged. In 1992, he reemerged to win an unofficial rematch against Spassky. It was held in Yugoslavia, which was under a United Nations embargo at the time. His participation led to a conflict with the US government, which warned Fischer that his participation in the match would violate an executive order imposing US sanctions on Yugoslavia. The US government ultimately issued a warrant for his arrest; subsequently, Fischer lived as an émigré. In 2004, he was arrested in Japan and held for several months for using a passport that the US government had revoked. Eventually, he was granted Icelandic citizenship by a special act of the Icelandic parliament, allowing him to live there until his death in 2008.
Fischer made numerous lasting contributions to chess. His book My 60 Memorable Games, published in 1969, is regarded as essential reading in chess literature. In the 1990s, he patented a modified chess timing system that added a time increment after each move, now a standard practice in top tournament and match play. He also invented Fischer random chess, also known as Chess960, a chess variant in which the initial position of the pieces is randomized to one of 960 possible positions.
Fischer made numerous antisemitic statements, including Holocaust denial. His antisemitism was a major theme in his public and private remarks, and there has been widespread comment and speculation concerning his psychological condition based on his extreme views and eccentric behavior.
^"Fischer, Robert James". Olimpbase. Retrieved September 18, 2015.
eccentric behavior. BobbyFischer was born at Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago, Illinois, on March 9, 1943. His mother, Regina Wender Fischer, was a US citizen...
Searching for BobbyFischer, released in the United Kingdom as Innocent Moves, is a 1993 American drama film written and directed by Steven Zaillian in...
five-year averages for later players BobbyFischer and Anatoly Karpov. It did list January 1978 ratings of 2780 for Fischer and 2725 for Karpov. In 1970, FIDE...
BobbyFischer Center (Icelandic: Fischersetur) is a small non-profit biographical museum housing memorabilia of the 1972 World Chess Champion, Bobby Fischer...
former world chess champion BobbyFischer. Fischer announced this variation on June 19, 1996, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fischer random chess employs the...
BobbyFischer Teaches Chess is a chess puzzle book written by BobbyFischer and co-authored by Stuart Margulies and Donn Mosenfelder, originally published...
BobbyFischer Against the World is a documentary feature film that explores the life of chess Grandmaster and 11th World Champion BobbyFischer. It incorporates...
1966; defeated Petrosian in 1969 to become world champion; then lost to BobbyFischer in a famous match in 1972. Spassky won the Soviet Chess Championship...
was an eight-time winner of the US Chess Championship, tying him with BobbyFischer for the all-time record. He was an accountant by profession and also...
controversies relating to the American player BobbyFischer. The first controversy took place when Fischer alleged that, at the 1962 Candidates Tournament...
Me & BobbyFischer is a documentary about BobbyFischer's last years as his old friend Saemundur Palsson gets him out of jail in Japan and helps him settle...
shows. Sarwer's attacking playing style was often compared to that BobbyFischer, and a tournament game drawn against him by another young chess player...
1972 was a match for the World Chess Championship between challenger BobbyFischer of the United States and defending champion Boris Spassky of the Soviet...
contained a small collection, including a book of chess openings signed by BobbyFischer, a silver set awarded to Paul Morphy, American chess player and unofficial...
she bought her younger brother, BobbyFischer, his first chess set and taught him how to play the game. Joan Fischer was born in Moscow, Soviet Union...
drama film about chess grandmaster and 11th world champion BobbyFischer. It follows Fischer's challenge against top Soviet chess grandmasters during the...
Congress "FISCHER, SMYSLOV PLAY IN DEADLOOK; American and Russian Draw in 7th-Round Adjourned Game of Chess Event". New York Times. BobbyFischer, United...
retired Japanese chess player and widow of former world chess champion BobbyFischer. She was awarded the title of Woman International Master by FIDE in...
Several books, films and other works about BobbyFischer have been created. BobbyFischer (March 9, 1943 – January 17, 2008) was an American chess prodigy...
Junior Chess championship in 1993 and 1994. The film Searching for BobbyFischer is based on his early life. Waitzkin first noticed the game of chess...
The Day of the Locust (1975), Tequila Sunrise (1988), Searching for BobbyFischer (1993), and A Civil Action (1998). He is also known for Cool Hand Luke...
claims below). Fischer vs. Petrosian, 1971 In the third game of the 1971 Candidates Final Match in Buenos Aires between BobbyFischer and Tigran Petrosian...
this rule twice, in 1958 and 1961. With the exception of the American BobbyFischer in 1972, Soviet citizens won every championship from 1948 until the...
debut at the age of eight, playing the lead in the film Searching for BobbyFischer, based on the childhood of International Master Josh Waitzkin. At the...
notable film include Maurice (1987), Sneakers (1992), Searching for BobbyFischer (1993), Death and the Maiden (1994), Twelfth Night (1996), Tuck Everlasting...
of play, he was the second-strongest non-Soviet player, behind only BobbyFischer, for much of the 1960s and 1970s. He is considered to be the strongest...
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