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Black Guards information


Black Guards
Чёрная гвардия,
Chjornaya gvardiya
LeadersVarious militia leaders, including Maria Nikiforova, Lev Chernyi, Mikhail Uralov, Fedir Shchus and Nestor Makhno
Dates of operationSummer 1917–Spring 1919
(became core units of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine by mid 1919)
Active regionsBlack Guards Russia, Black Guards Russian SFSR and Black Guards Ukraine
IdeologyAnarchism (primarily anarcho-communism)
AlliesBlack Guards Various anarchist organizations
OpponentsBlack Guards Russian SFSR
Russia Russian Provisional Government
Russia White Movement
Entente
Pro-independence movements in Russian Civil War
Battles and warsOctober Revolution
Russian Civil War
Preceded by
Anarchist cells
Succeeded by
RIAU

Black Guards (Russian: Чёрная гвардия, romanized: Chjornaya gvardiya) were armed groups of workers formed after the February Revolution and before the final Bolshevik suppression of other left-wing groups. They were the main strike force of the anarchists. They were created in the Summer of 1917 in Ukraine by Maria Nikiforova, and expanded in January 1918 to Moscow, under the control of anarchists at industrial enterprises by Factory and Plant Committees and by Moscow Federation of Anarchist Groups cells.[1][2]

  1. ^ Анархисты. Документы и материалы. 1883—1935 гг. Russian Political Encyclopedia (in Russian). Vol. 2. 1917—1935 гг. Moscow: ROSSPEN. 1999. pp. 216–218.
  2. ^ Shubin, A.V. (2005). Анархия — мать порядка. Между красными и белыми (in Russian). Moscow: Eksmo. p. 93.

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